United States Washington, D.C. 25 Historic Buildings in Washington, DC By Rachel Cooper Rachel Cooper Rachel Cooper is a travel writer who has lived in the Washington, D.C., area for more than 25 years. She is also the author of several books covering the capital and mid-Atlantic regions. TripSavvy's editorial guidelines Updated on 06/26/19 Steven Heap / EyeEm / Getty Images The historic buildings of Washington, DC preserve the past and offer a fascinating glimpse into the changes in architecture and daily American life since the early settlement of the nation's capital. Here is a guide to the 25 oldest and most significant Washington, DC historic landmarks, in order of date of construction. 01 of 25 Mount Vernon Estate JacobH / Getty Images View Map Address 3200 Mount Vernon Memorial Hwy, Mt Vernon, VA 22121, USA Get directions Phone +1 703-780-2000 Web Visit website 1674 (land granted to John Washington, great-grandfather of George) Mount Vernon, Virginia. The 500-acre estate of George Washington and his family includes a 14-room mansion that is beautifully restored and furnished with original objects dating back to the 1740's. Visitors can tour the outbuildings, including the kitchen, slave quarters, smokehouse, coach house, and stables. The historic site is located along the shores of the Potomac River and is the most scenic tourist attraction in the Washington, DC area. 02 of 25 Old Stone House FrankvandenBergh / Getty Images View Map Address 3051 M St NW, Washington, DC 20007, USA Get directions Phone +1 202-426-6851 Web Visit website 1765 3051 M St. NW Washington, DC. Located in the heart of Georgetown, the oldest known private home in Washington, DC is preserved to demonstrate everyday life for the average citizen during this time. The historic house is maintained by the National Park Service and is open to the public. 03 of 25 U. S. Capitol Taylor McIntyre / TripSavvy View Map Address Washington, DC 20004, USA Get directions Phone +1 202-226-8000 Web Visit website 1793 E. Capitol St. and First St. NW Washington, DC. One of the most recognizable historic buildings in Washington, DC is the U. S. Capitol building. Since its original construction, the building has been built, burnt, rebuilt, expanded and restored. The Capitol Complex includes the Capitol Building itself, the House and Senate Office Buildings, the U.S. Botanic Garden, the Capitol Grounds, the Library of Congress buildings, the Supreme Court Building, the Capitol Power Plant, and various support facilities. 04 of 25 White House Glowimages / Getty Images View Map Address 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20500, USA Get directions Phone +1 202-456-1111 Web Visit website 1800 1600 Pennsylvania Ave. NW Washington, DC. Although construction of the White House began while George Washington was president, he never lived in it. President John Adams and his wife, Abigail, were the first residents of the White House. The important Washington, DC landmark serves as the President’s home and office. There are 132 rooms, 35 bathrooms, and 6 levels. Continue to 5 of 25 below. 05 of 25 U.S. Treasury Building Glowimages / Getty Images View Map Address 1500 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20220, USA Get directions Phone +1 202-622-2000 Web Visit website 1800 15 St. and Pennsylvania Ave. NW Washington, DC. The historic Gregorian-style building, located to the east of the White House, was burned and rebuilt several times during the 1800s. It is the third oldest federally occupied building in Washington DC, preceded only by the Capitol and the White House. At the time that it was built, it was one of the largest office buildings in the world. It is five stories tall and sits on 5 acres with a landscaped garden. 06 of 25 Dumbarton House Mark Gibson / Getty Images View Map Address 2715 Q St NW, Washington, DC 20007, USA Get directions Phone +1 202-337-2288 Web Visit website 1799 2715 Q St. NW Washington, DC. The historic house in Georgetown was originally the home to Joseph Nourse, first Register of the U.S. Treasury. Today it is owned by The National Society of the Colonial Dames of America and serves as a museum displaying an outstanding collection of Federal period (1790-1830) furniture, paintings, textiles, silver, and ceramics. 07 of 25 Sewall-Belmont House Buyenlarge / Getty Images View Map Address 144 Constitution Ave NE, Washington, DC 20002, USA Get directions Phone +1 202-543-2240 Web Visit website 1800 144 Constitution Ave. NE Washington, DC. The National Historic Landmark located on Capitol Hill is the headquarters of the National Woman's Party and was the home of its founder Alice Paul. The museum offers educational programming and is open for public tours. 08 of 25 The Octagon Museum Carol M. Highsmith Archive, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division View Map Address 1799 New York Ave NW, Washington, DC 20006, USA Get directions Phone +1 202-626-7439 Web Visit website 1801 1799 New York Ave. NW Washington, DC. This building was designed by Dr. William Thornton, the first architect of the U.S. Capitol. It was part of the Pierre L'Enfant plan to establish a residential section of the federal city. During the War of 1812, the Octagon served as a temporary home for James and Dolley Madison after the White House was burned. Later, the building served as a girls school, the Navy Hydrographic Office, and headquarters for the American Institute of Architects. Today, the historic building serves as a museum of architecture, design, historic preservation, and the early history of Washington, DC. Continue to 9 of 25 below. 09 of 25 Arlington House Shackleford-Photography / Getty Images View Map Address Arlington, VA, USA Get directions Phone +1 877-907-8585 Web Visit website 1802 Arlington National Cemetery, Arlington, VA. The home of Robert E. Lee and his family serves as a memorial to this important historical figure that helped restore America after the Civil War. About 200 acres of the land that occupies Arlington National Cemetery was originally the property of the Lee family. Arlington House sits atop a hill, providing one of the best views of Washington, DC. 10 of 25 The Willard Hotel InterContinental The Willard Washington D.C. View Map Address 1401 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20004, USA Get directions Phone +1 202-628-9100 Web Visit website 1816 1401 Pennsylvania Ave. Washington, DC. The historic luxury hotel has been a central gathering place for elegant dinners, meetings and gala social events for more than 150 years. The Willard is a Washington institution that has hosted almost every U.S. president since Franklin Pierce in 1853. 11 of 25 Tudor Place DC Gardens / Flickr / CC BY 2.0 View Map Address 1644 31st St NW, Washington, DC 20007-2924, USA Get directions Phone +1 202-965-0400 Web Visit website 1816 1644 31st St. NW Washington, DC. The federal era mansion was built by Martha Washington's granddaughter, Martha Custis Peter and was the home to six generations of the Peter family. Today, the historic home offers house tours, garden tours, and special events. 12 of 25 Decatur House Carol M. Highsmith/Buyenlarge/Getty Images View Map Address 748 Jackson Pl NW, Washington, DC 20006-4901, USA Get directions Phone +1 202-218-4333 Web Visit website 1818 748 Jackson Pl. Washington, DC. Located just steps from the White House, one of the oldest homes in Washington, DC features Federalist and Victorian style furnishings and exhibits that explore 200 years of Washington, DC history. Continue to 13 of 25 below. 13 of 25 Ford's Theater Paul Whitfield/Getty Images View Map Address 511 10th St NW, Washington, DC 20004, USA Get directions Phone +1 202-347-4833 Web Visit website 1833 517 10th St NW Washington, DC. The historic Ford's Theatre, where Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth, is a national historic landmark and also functions as a live theater. The building was used for several different purposes until it was restored in 1968. The Peterson House, the rowhome where Lincoln died, sits across the street. It is open to the public and is furnished with period pieces of that time. 14 of 25 National Portrait Gallery and Smithsonian American Art Museum Taylor McIntyre / TripSavvy View Map Address 8th St NW & G St NW, Washington, DC 20001, USA Get directions Phone +1 202-633-8300 Web Visit website 1840 750 9th St. NW, Washington, DC. The U.S. Patent Building was restored as a vital part of the redevelopment of the Penn Quarter neighborhood of downtown Washington, DC. The building houses two museums in one building. The National Portrait Gallery presents six permanent exhibitions of nearly 20,000 works ranges from paintings and sculpture to photographs and drawings. The Smithsonian American Art Museum is the home of the largest collection of American art in the world including more than 41,000 artworks, spanning more than three centuries. 15 of 25 Smithsonian Castle Mark Williamson / Getty Images View Map Address 1000 Jefferson Dr SW, Washington, DC 20560, USA Get directions Phone +1 202-633-1000 Web Visit website 1855 1000 Jefferson Dr. SW Washington, DC. The Victorian style, red sandstone building was originally the home of the first Secretary of the Smithsonian, Joseph Henry, and his family. The building is the oldest one on the National Mall and it served as the first Smithsonian exhibit hall from 1858 until the 1960s. Today, it houses the Smithsonian’s administrative offices and the Smithsonian Information Center. 16 of 25 Old Ebbitt Grill Jason Colston / Getty Images View Map Address 675 15th St NW, Washington, DC 20005, USA Get directions Phone +1 202-347-4800 Web Visit website 1856 675 15th St. NW Washington, DC. The oldest saloon in Washington, DC, features upscale American cuisine in a Victorian setting. It is a popular gathering spot for politicians, congressional interns, journalists, and tourists. Continue to 17 of 25 below. 17 of 25 Renwick Gallery Smithsonian Institution View Map Address 1661 Pennsylvania Avenue NW #1, Washington, DC 20006, USA Get directions Phone +1 202-633-7970 Web Visit website 1859 Pennsylvania Ave. and 17th St. NW Washington, DC. The French Second Empire style building was designed by architect James Renwick Jr. to house the private art collection of Washington banker and philanthropist William Wilson Corcoran. By 1897, Corcoran's collection had outgrown the building and the gallery was moved to its current location across the street. The U.S. Court of Claims took over the Renwick Building in 1899. In 1972, the Smithsonian restored the building to be used as a gallery of American art, crafts, and design. It was refurbished again in 2000. 18 of 25 Eastern Market Eastern Market View Map Address 225 7th St SE, Washington, DC 20003, USA Get directions Phone +1 202-698-5253 Web Visit website 1873 7th St. & North Carolina Ave. SE Washington, DC. The historic market is one of the few public markets left in Washington, DC. A fire destroyed the market's original South Hall in 2007 and it is currently being restored. A temporary structure is being used across the street at the Hine Junior High School playground. The farmers market offers fresh produce and flowers, delicatessen, baked goods, meat, fish, poultry, cheese, and dairy products. On weekends, the Farmers Market moves outdoors. Arts & Crafts Fairs are held on Saturdays and The Flea Market attracts a crowd on Sundays. 19 of 25 Frederick Douglass National Historic Site National Park Service View Map Address 1411 W St SE, Washington, DC 20020-4813, USA Get directions Phone +1 202-426-5961 Web Visit website 1877 1411 W St. SE Washington, DC. Frederick Douglass, the famous abolitionist, and advisor to Lincoln, bought this house in SE Washington, DC in 1877. The year that it was built is unknown. The National Historic Site was recently restored and reopened in 2007. The home and the grounds are open to the public. Reservations are required. 20 of 25 Washington Monument Taylor McIntyre / TripSavvy View Map Address 2 15th St NW, Washington, DC 20024, USA Get directions Phone +1 202-426-6841 Web Visit website 1884 15th St. and Constitution Ave. NW Washington, DC. Construction of the Washington Monument began in 1848. However, the memorial was not completed until 1884, due to lack of funds during the Civil War. The monument honors the memory of President George Washington and is an important historic site and landmark on the National Mall in Washington, DC. Continue to 21 of 25 below. 21 of 25 National Building Museum National Building Museum View Map Address 401 F St NW, Washington, DC 20001, USA Get directions Phone +1 202-272-2448 Web Visit website 1887 401 F St., NW Washington, DC. Housed in the former Pension Bureau building, this historic structure is recognized as a marvel of architectural engineering. The Great Hall is impressive with its Corinthian columns and a four-story atrium. The museum in downtown Washington, DC examines America's architecture, design, engineering, construction, and urban planning. 22 of 25 Eisenhower Executive Office Building Brooks Kraft / Getty Images View Map Address 1650 17th St NW, Washington, DC 20006, USA Get directions Phone +1 202-456-4444 Web Visit website 1888 17th St and Pennsylvania Ave. NW Washington, DC. Located next to the West Wing, this building houses a majority of the offices for the White House staff. The impressive structure, a fine example of the French Second Empire style of architecture, was originally built for the State, War and Navy Departments. 23 of 25 Corcoran School of Art and Design Daderot / Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain View Map Address 500 17th St NW, Washington, DC 20006, USA Get directions Phone +1 202-994-1700 Web Visit website 1897 500 17th St. NW Washington, DC. The historic building was established as a private art gallery to house the extensive collection of Washington banker and philanthropist, William Wilson Corcoran (partner of the bank Corcoran & Riggs). 24 of 25 Union Station TripSavvy / Victoria Chamberlain View Map Address Washington, DC 20002, USA Get directions 1907 50 Massachusetts Ave. NE Washington, DC. The city's train station is a beautiful historic building with exquisite features such as 50 foot Constantine arches and white marble flooring. Union Station is a transportation hub for the region as well as an upscale shopping destination. Continue to 25 of 25 below. 25 of 25 Carnegie Library The George F. Landegger Collection of District of Columbia Photographs in Carol M. Highsmith's America, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division View Map Address 801 K St NW, Washington, DC 20001-3746, USA Get directions Web Visit website 1902 801 K St. NW Washington, DC. The early 20th-century Beaux-Arts style building was the District of Columbia’s main library from the early 1900s until 1972. In 1980, it was partially renovated to serve as a part of the University of the District of Columbia. Beginning in 1999, the building was restored and in 2003 opened as the City Museum of Washington, DC. Sadly, the museum did not draw enough interest and closed. The building is currently used as the home of the Historical Society of Washington, DC and is available to rent for special events. Was this page helpful? Thanks for letting us know! Tell us why! Submit