GRE English Vocabulary 2500 大师级必胜GRE词汇- Advance Level English Vocabulary According GRE past papers 分级英语词汇, latest 2021 version,BEST PRICE @ http://edeo.biz/13234
The Graduate Record Examinations is a standardized test that is an admissions requirement for many graduate schools in the United States and Canada and few in other countries. The GRE is owned and administered by Educational Testing Service. Wikipedia
The Graduate Record Examination, or GRE, is an important step in the graduate school or business school application process. The GRE is a multiple-choice, computer-based, standardized exam that is often required for admission to graduate programs and graduate business programs (MBA) globally.
GRE English Vocabulary 2500 - Advance Level English Vocabularies According GRE past papers; GRE Vocabulary 2500 V2021-Advance Level English Vocabularies According GRE past papers
大师级必胜GRE词汇 GRE English Vocabulary 2500 分级英语词汇
3. 2 | P a g e
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㤧䈣ҕਥ䘏ṭᆜ Learn English can be fun like this!..................................................................................306
Udemy-Test English Vocabulary Level According CEFRL A1-C2 V2020-05...........................................306
Quiz-Test Your English Vocabulary Level in 10 Minutes Flash Cards.......................................................306
KDP-㤧䈣䈃≽-A1 ޛ䰞㓝 780 Ѡ䈃≽ A1 - Beginner Level English Vocabulary ..................................306
KDP-㤧䈣䈃≽ A2 ࡓ㓝 1540 Ѡ䈃≽ A2 CEFRL- Beginner Level English Vocabularies.......................307
KDP-㤧䈣䈃≽-B1 ѣ㓝 2800 Ѡ䈃≽ B1 - Intermediate Level English Vocabularies.............................308
KDP-㤧䈣䈃≽ B2 ѣ儎㓝 3800 Ѡ䈃≽ B2 - Intermediate Level English Vocabularies .........................308
KDP-࠼㓝㤧䈣䈃≽-C1 儎㓝 2100 Ѡ䈃≽ CEFRL C1 - Advance Level English Vocabularies .............309
KDP-࠼㓝㤧䈣䈃≽-C2 ㋴䙐㓝 3000 Ѡ䈃≽ CEFRL C2 - Advance Level English Vocabularies .........309
KDP-ཝᐾ㓝ᗻ㜒 GRE 䈃≽ GRE English Vocabulary 2500 ࠼㓝㤧䈣䈃≽ ...........................................310
We offer more…...............................................................................................................................................311
Design Your Own Program, Customize the Courses using Your Own LOGO ................................................311
We welcome Teachers to join our group!.........................................................................................................313
ZZZ ..............................................................................................................................................................305
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㤧䈣ҕਥ䘏ṭᆜ Learn English can be fun like th
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4. 3 | P a g e
Prefaces
Preface 2021
35()$(
This is the Classified English vocabulary under the Common European
Framework of Reference for Languages, often referred to as CEFR or
CEFRL, is an international standard for working out your ability within
a language.
The six levels within the CEFR are A1, A2, B1, B2, C1 and C2. With
these levels, you can easily work out your ability and assess your
progress.
Beginner Level: A1 A2
Intermediate Level: B1 B2
Advance Level: C1 C2
The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, often
referred to as CEFR or CEFRL, is an international standard for working
out your ability within a language. It was established by the Council of
Europe and aims to validate language ability.
There are total 14000 vocabularies with English and the best Chinese
Translation for better understanding. The following is the more details
breakdown.
Beginner Level: A1 800 vocabularies.
g g ,
CEFRL, is an international standard for working out your ability within
a language.
The six levels within the CE
E
E
E
E
EF
F
F
F
F
FR are
e
e
e A
A
A
A
A1, A
A
A
A
A
A
A2, B
B
B
B
B
B1
1
1
1
1, B2, C1 and C2. With
these levels, you can easily
y
y
y
y work o
o
o
ou
u
ut
t
t y
y
yo
o
ou
u
ur
r
r a
a
ab
b
bi
i
il
l
l
l
l
li
i
ity and assess your
progress.
Beginner Level: A1
1
1
1
1 A2
Intermediate Level: B1 B
B
B
B
B2
2
2
2
2
Advance Lev
v
ve
e
el
l
l: C1 C2
The Comm
m
m
mo
o
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o
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on
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Eu
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referred to a
a
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CE
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F
F
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FR
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F
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out your ab
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by the Council of
Europe and aims to validate language ability
5. 4 | P a g e
Beginner Level: A2 1600 vocabularies.
Intermediate Level: B1 2800 vocabularies.
Intermediate Level: B2 3830 vocabularies.
Advance Level: C1 2060 vocabularies.
Advance Level: C2 3280 vocabularies.
For advance users, we also list out 2500 most important GRE (Graduate
Record Examination) vocabularies. The Graduate Record Examinations
is a standardized test that is an admissions requirement for many
graduate schools in the United States and Canada.
Based on our many years' experience in HSK and IGCSE Chinese
teaching and course contents preparation, we find vocabulary level
classification is so important. Students can use CEFR levels for self-
assessment so that they can more clearly define what they need to work
on, and work out what they would like to achieve in their target language.
Our Classified Chinese vocabulary list HSK and IGCSE has total 5000
vocabularies with the Best English Translation for better understanding.
Many students call it LIFE SAVING STRAW for their exam. This book
is a great success and encourages us to work beyond it. Based on our pass
experience and data collection, by referring the authoritative resources
like Cambridge and Oxford dictionary, here is our painstaking effort!
Advance Level: C1 2060 vocabularies.
Advance Level: C2 3280 vocab
bu
u
u
u
ul
l
l
la
a
a
a
ar
r
r
r
ri
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s
s
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For advance users, we also l
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ist out 2
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2500
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most
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mportant GRE (Graduate
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uate Record Examinations
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Based on our many years' experi
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teaching an
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cabulary level
classification is so im
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Our Classif
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CSE has total 5000
vocabularies with the Best English Translation for better understanding.
6. 5 | P a g e
We are also going to launch Monthly Quiz on vocabulary, grammar, and
reading skill, covering Chinese, English and Bahasa Malaysia. We believe
step-by-step progress is essential and the assessment is also important.
FREE Today's Special Items, Update twice every week! Please click
linkage here:
https://edeo.biz/product-category/todays-special
The first Edition of this English vocabulary was in in May 2020, during
COVID-19 lockdown, called Malaysian Movement Control Order (MCO
1). One year later, I am still under third COVID-19 lockdown, called Full
Malaysian Movement Control Order (MCO 3 or FMCO). I fully use this
almost 18 months lockdown to speed up my HSK books and Tai Chi
courses. I am happy to find my audience are increasing and more
platforms are opening to me. I am one more step closer to my dreams:
x Editing a full set Chinese Course for Learner as Second Language.
x Editing a full set English Course for Learner as Second Language.
In this Version 2021, the paper book edition, which requires more
editing effort, will be ready. More examinations are included, such as:
CEFR B1 Business Preliminary English Vocabulary ࣗཌ䈣ࡓ㓝
CEFR B2 Business Vantage English Vocabulary ࣗཌ䈣ѣ儎㓝
CEFR C1 Business Higher English Vocabulary ࣗཌ䈣儎㓝
TOEFL English Vocabulary, TOEFL ᢎ⿅㘹䈋㤧䈣䈃≽
IELTS English Vocabulary, IELTS 䳻ᙓ㘹䈋㤧䈣䈃≽
The first Edition of this English vocab
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u
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was in in May 2020, during
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my
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courses. I am happy to
o
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platforms are opening to me. I am
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ࣗཌ䈣ࡓ㓝
7. 6 | P a g e
GRE English Vocabulary, GRE 㗄ള⹊ガ⭕ޛᆜ㘹䈋λ䍺Ṳ㘹䈋㤧䈣
䈃≽
SAT English Vocabulary, SAT 䎑䗴㘹䈋㤧䈣䈃≽
TOEIC English Vocabulary, TOEIC ཐⴀ㘹䈋㤧䈣䈃≽
GMAT English Vocabulary, GMAT ⹊ガ⭕㇗⨼〇ޛᆜ㘹䈋㤧䈣䈃≽
ACT English Vocabulary, ACT 㗄ളཝᆜ⎁僂㤧䈣䈃≽
PSAT/NMSQT English Vocabulary, PSAT/NMSQT 㘹䈋㤧䈣䈃≽
CAEL English Vocabulary, CAEL ࣖᤵཝᆜᵥ㤧ᮽ≪ᒩ㘹䈋㤧䈣䈃≽
Thanks for your support for us to creating better contents for you!
Best regards
Founder of
Edeo Online Learning School https://edeo.biz/shop
LEGOO Mandarin www.legoomandarin.com
David yao
-81(
At home during first Covid-19 Lockdown MCO 3.0, in Petaling Jaya,
Malaysia.
ACT English Vocabulary, ACT 㗄ളཝᆜ⎁僂㤧䈣䈃≽
PSAT/NMSQT English Vocabulary
y
y
y
y,
, P
P
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PS
S
SAT/N
N
N
N
NM
M
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MSQT 㘹䈋㤧䈣䈃≽
CAEL English Vocabulary, C
C
C
CA
A
A
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AEL ࣖ
ࣖ
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Thanks for your support f
f
f
f
for us to creating be
e
e
et
t
t
t
tt
t
t
t
ter contents for you!
Best regards
Founder of
Edeo Online Learning
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8. 7 | P a g e
Preface 2020
35()$(2020
Vocabulary is the foundation of language and the cornerstone of culture.
Mastering the vocabulary is the key in the language learning. Different
languages have their own features. For example, Chinese vocabulary has
no alphabet, but Chinese characters have radicals. Different Chinese
characters can be combined flexibly to form vocabulary or phrase. Many
English words are derived from Latin. The roots of the Malay vocabulary
are more abundant, including native, Arabic, English, Chinese dialect,
Indian and so on. These are all tips for learning languages.
But facing numerous of vocabulary, for example, the Chinese dictionary
has about 100,000 vocabulary, and English and Malay have about 200,000
vocabulary. For a beginner or a student of different ages, choose the
proper vocabulary are very important. In the past two decades, I have been
engaged in the promoting and teaching of Chinese as a foreign language.
I have compiled 8000 Chinese vocabulary (refer to the HSK before 2009)
and 5000 Chinese vocabulary (refer to the new HSK after 2009). And give
the most accurate English explanation possible to facilitate foreign
students. During this process, I accidentally found that CEFRL English
also has six levels according to the European Language Common
Reference Framework, which are:
no alphabet, but Chinese characters have radicals. Different Chinese
characters can be combined flexibl
l
l
l
ly
y
y
y
y t
t
t
t
to fo
o
o
o
or
r
r
r
rm
m
m
m
m vo
o
o
o
oc
c
c
c
c
c
cabulary or phrase. Many
English words are derived from
m
m
m
m
m
m
m Latin
n
n
n
n
n. The
e
e
e
e
e roots
s
s
s
s of the Malay vocabulary
are more abundant, includ
d
d
d
di
i
i
i
i
ing nati
i
i
i
ive, A
A
A
A
A
A
Ara
a
a
ab
b
b
b
bi
i
i
i
i
ic
c, English, Chinese dialect,
Indian and so on. These a
a
a
a
ar
r
r
r
re all tips for learnin
n
n
n
n
ng
g
g
g
g
g
g
g languages.
But facing numerous of vo
o
o
o
o
ocabulary, for exa
a
a
a
am
m
m
m
m
mple, the Chinese dictionary
has about 100,000 vocabulary, and
d
d
d
d E
E
E
English and Malay have about 200,000
vocabulary. F
F
F
Fo
o
o
or
r a
a
a
a b
b
be
e
eg
g
gi
i
in
n
nn
n
ne
e
er
r
r
r o
o
or
r
r a
a
a s
s
st
t
tu
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ud
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de
e
en
n
nt
t
t o
o
of
f
f d
d
di
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f
ff
f
fe
e
er
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re
e
en
n
nt
t
t a
a
ag
g
g
ge
e
es, choose the
proper vocabulary are very important. In the p
p
p
p
past two decades, I have been
engaged in t
t
t
t
th
h
h
h
h
he promot
t
t
t
ti
i
i
ing
g
g and
d
d
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e
each
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ing of
f
f
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f C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
Ch
h
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h
h
hi
i
i
i
i
i
i
inese as a f
f
f
f
f
f
forei
i
i
i
i
ign l
l
l
l
language.
I have comp
pi
i
i
i
i
i
iled
d
d
d
d
d 8
8
8
8
80
0
0
0
00
0
0
0
0
00
0
0
0
0 C
C
C
C
Ch
h
h
h
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h
hi
i
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in
n
nese
e
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e voca
ab
b
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bu
ul
l
l
l
l
lar
ry
y (
(
(
(
(
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ef
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r t
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e HSK before 2009)
d 5000 Chi b l ( f h HSK f 2009) A d i
9. 8 | P a g e
A1 entry level;
A2 elementary level;
B1 intermediate level;
B2 intermediate level;
C1 advanced level;
C2 proficient level.
These roughly correspond to the Chinese vocabulary of HSK 1-6.
On the basis of my HSK vocabulary work, I began the collection of
English vocabulary at the beginning of 2019, plus my experience of taking
the GRE test many years ago, after 15 months of preparation, especially
during the COVID-19 Malaysian Movement Control Order, I used my
time at home to speed up editing English vocabulary, and finally got this
set of English graded vocabulary reference books.
Beginner Level: A1 Vocabulary 780
Beginner Level: A2 Vocabulary 1540
Intermediate Level: B1 Vocabulary 2800
Intermediate Level: B2 Vocabulary 3800
Advance Level: C1 Vocabulary 2100
Advance Level: C2 Vocabulary 3300
C1 advanced level;
C2 proficient level.
These roughly correspond to t
t
t
t
t
t
t
th
h
h
h
h
h
h
he Chi
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i
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in
n
n
n
n
nese v
v
v
v
v
vocab
b
b
b
bu
u
u
u
ulary of HSK 1-6.
On the basis of my HSK
K
K
K
K vocabulary work
k
k
k
k, I began the collection of
English vocabulary at the
e
e
e
e beginnin
n
n
n
n
ng
g
g
g
g
g of 201
1
1
1
19
9
9
9
9
9, plu
u
u
u
us my experience of taking
the GRE test many years a
a
a
a
ag
g
g
g
go, after 15 mo
o
o
on
n
n
n
nt
t
t
t
th
h
h
h
h
hs of preparation, especially
during the COVID-19 Malaysian Movement Control Order, I used my
time at home to sp
p
pe
eed
d
d u
u
up
p
p ed
d
d
di
i
iti
ing
g
g E
Eng
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gl
l
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vo
o
ocab
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bul
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la
a
ary
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an
nd
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fi
inally got this
set of Englis
s
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ra
a
ad
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d v
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ocab
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ry
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ref
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bo
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ok
k
ks
s
s
s
s
s.
.
.
Beginner Level: A1 Vocabulary 780
10. 9 | P a g e
Expert level: GRE Vocabulary 2500
The total vocabulary is about 16800.
The vocabulary in the book is arranged in alphabetical order. Refer to
Oxford Dictionary, Cambridge Dictionary and Google and other
resources to give bilingual explanations in Chinese and English. If the
word has multiple meanings, only select CEFRL covered interpretation.
If there are confusing vocabulary, I give bilingual example sentences in
Chinese and English to help understanding. This set of English graded
vocabulary reference books is mainly sold as a PDF on the Amazon
Kindle eBook official website. In conjunction with this set of books is the
monthly trilingual test (Chinese, English, Malay), video flash card, and
trilingual reading comprehension courses on the Udemy1 teaching
website. Please visit and support.
As the time is short and my expertise in language is limited, there must be
some mistakes in the book. I appeal you to give me your advice and
feedback to fine tuning this set of books.
Best regards
Founder of Edeo Online Learning School
resources to give bilingual explanations in Chinese and English. If the
word has multiple meanings, only select CEFRL covered interpretation.
If there are confusing vocabulary
y
y
y
y,
,
, I
I
I
I
I give
e
e
e
e b
b
b
b
biling
g
g
g
g
gu
u
u
u
u
ual example sentences in
Chinese and English to help
p
p
p
p u
u
u
u
u
u
u
unders
s
s
s
s
st
t
t
t
t
tandi
i
i
i
i
in
n
n
n
ng. T
T
Th
h
h
h
his set of English graded
vocabulary reference book
k
k
k
ks is m
m
m
m
ma
a
a
a
ainly
y
y
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y s
s
s
s
so
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ol
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ld
d
d
d
d
d as a PDF on the Amazon
Kindle eBook official we
eb
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b
b
bsite. In conjunction
n
n
n
n with this set of books is the
monthly trilingual test (C
C
C
C
Chinese, E
E
E
E
E
English,
,
,
,
, M
M
M
M
M
Mala
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ay), video flash card, and
trilingual reading compre
e
e
e
eh
h
h
hension course
e
e
e
es
s
s
s
s on the Udemy1 teaching
website. Please visit and support.
As the time i
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is sh
h
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or
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rt
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a
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n
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n l
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g
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gu
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is l
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im
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it
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ed, there must be
some mistak
k
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kes i
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in t
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m
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me your advice and
feedback to fine tuning this set
t of books.
11. 14 | P a g e
About the Author:
David Yao, the founder of www.LegooMandarin.com and Educational Video
Courses Online ( www.Edeo.biz), born in china, resides in Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia, holding Master degree from University Malaya, has 25 years’
experience in mandarin teaching for foreigners, creating a SYSTEM (more than
200 mandarin courses ) designed for foreigners to study Chinese as secondary
language. He practices Tai Chi for almost 30 years and establishes Tai Chi Fitness
Organization (http://taichifitness.org/) to modernize and promote Tai Chi for
fitness and health.
Scan QR code for Lifetime Access to Full Video course together with
this book
@ the best price in Udemy:
Organization (http://taichifitness.org/) to modernize and promote Tai Chi for
fitness and health.
Scan QR code for Lifetime Acce
es
s
s
s
s
s
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s
s
s
s
s
s t
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to Fu
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@ th
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e
emy:
12. 24 | P a g e
acerbic adjective UK /ԥޖsޝܮEܼk/ US /ԥޖsޝܯEܼk/ formal ቌࡱ
Ⲻχ䗑䗙Ⲻ; δᗹȽᗹູᡌ㘻䈣䈹εቌ䞮Ⲻ (YAO) used to
describe something that is spoken or written in a way that is direct,
clever, and cruel
acquiesce verb [ I ] UK ޙ NZLޖHV86 ޙ NZLޖHVIRUPDO 唎
䇚χ唎䇮χ唎❬ੂᝅ; ࣿᕰੂᝅ (YAO) to accept or agree to
something, often unwillingly
acquisitive adjective 1 UK /ԥޖkwܼz.ܼ.tܼv/ US /ԥޖkwܼz.ԥWࡩܼv/
formal (WANTING THINGS)δሯ䍘⢟ε⑪ᵑᗍࡦⲺθ䘡࠽≸
Ⲻχ䍠ႠⲺ often disapproving eager to own and collect things
acrid adjective UK ޖ NUܼd/ US ޖ NUܼd/δ≊ᡌ䚉ε
䗑䗙Ⲻθ㤜Ⲻχࡰ◶ⲺθઑӰⲺ , ࡰ啱Ⲻ (YAO) An acrid smell or
taste is strong and bitter and causes a burning feeling in the throat.
acrimonious adjective UK ޙ NUܼޖmԥݜ.ni.ԥs/ US
ޙ NUԥޖmoݜ.ni.ԥs/ formal ◶⛾ⲺχቌࡱⲺχ⚡┗ݻ㦥Ⲻ , ┗ݻӽ
Ⲻ (YAO) full of anger, arguments, and bad feeling
acumen noun [ U ] UK ޖ NMԥ.mԥn/ US /ԥޖNMXޝPԥn/ formal
ᮅ䭆χ㋴᱄, уੂሱᑮⲺ⍔ሕ࣑ૂ䢪ࡡ࣑ (YAO) skill in making
correct decisions and judgments in a particular subject, such as business
or politics
acute noun 4 [ C ] UK /ԥޖNMXޝW86 /ԥޖNMXޝWDOVRDFXWH
accent ቌ丩ㅜਭ a sign that is written above a letter in some languages,
showing you how to pronounce the letter
ad lib adverb UK ޙ GޖOܼb/ US ޙ GޖOܼb/ު൦χᑣ
൦χᖉ൰൦ said without any preparation or practice
something, often unwillingly
acquisitive adjective 1 UK /
/
/
/ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥޖk
k
k
k
kw
w
w
w
w
wܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼz.ܼ.tܼv/ US /ԥޖkwܼz.ԥWࡩܼv/
formal (WANTING THINGS)δ
δ
δ
δ
δሯ
ሯ
ሯ
ሯ
ሯ
ሯ䍘⢟
⢟
⢟
⢟
⢟
⢟
⢟ε
ε
ε
ε
ε
ε⑪ᵑ
ᵑ
ᵑ
ᵑ
ᵑ
ᵑ
ᵑ
ᵑᗍࡦⲺθ䘡࠽≸
Ⲻχ䍠ႠⲺ often disapprovi
i
i
i
i
in
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
ng eag
g
g
ge
e
e
e
e
er
r
r
r to o
o
o
o
o
own a
a
a
a
an
n
n
n
nd collect things
acrid adjective U
U
U
U
UK ޖ
N
N
N
N
U
U
U
Uܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼ
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U d
d
d
d
d/
/
/
/ U
U
U
U
US
S
S
S
S ޖ NUܼd/δ≊ᡌ䚉ε
䗑䗙Ⲻθ㤜Ⲻχࡰ◶ⲺθઑӰⲺ , ࡰ啱Ⲻ (
(
(
(
(Y
Y
Y
Y
YAO) An acrid smell or
taste is strong and bitter a
a
a
a
and cause
e
e
e
es a burni
i
i
in
n
n
n
n
ng
g
g
g
g fe
e
e
e
eeling in the throat.
acrimonious adjective U
U
U
U
UK ޙ NUܼޖ
U
U mԥݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜ.n
n
n
n
n
ni
i
i
i.ԥs/ US
ޙ NUԥޖmoݜ.ni.ԥs/ formal ◶⛾
⛾
⛾
⛾
⛾
⛾
⛾Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻχ
χ
χ
χቌ
ቌ
ቌ
ቌ
ቌ
ቌ
ቌࡱ
ࡱ
ࡱ
ࡱ
ࡱ
ࡱⲺχ⚡┗ݻ㦥Ⲻ , ┗ݻӽ
Ⲻ (YAO) fu
u
ul
l
ll
l
l o
o
of
f
f a
a
an
n
ng
g
ge
e
er
r
r,
, a
a
ar
r
rg
g
gu
u
um
m
me
e
en
n
nt
t
ts
s, a
a
an
n
nd
d
d b
b
ba
a
ad
d
d f
f
fe
e
ee
e
el
li
i
in
n
ng
g
g
acumen noun [
[ U
U
U ]
]
] U
U
UK
K
K
ޖ
ޖ
ޖ
ޖ N
N
N
NM
M
M
Mԥ.mԥn/
/
/ U
U
US
S
S /ԥޖNMXޝPԥn/ formal
ᮅ䭆χ㋴᱄
᱄
᱄
᱄
᱄
᱄
᱄
᱄,
,
, у
у
у
у
у
у
уੂ
ੂ
ੂ
ੂ
ੂ
ੂ
ੂ
ੂሱ
ሱ
ሱ
ሱ
ሱ
ሱ
ሱ
ሱ
ሱ
ሱᑮ
ᑮ
ᑮ
ᑮ
ᑮ
ᑮ
ᑮ
ᑮⲺ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ⍔
⍔
⍔
⍔
⍔
⍔
⍔
⍔
⍔
⍔ሕ
ሕ
ሕ
ሕ
ሕ
ሕ
ሕ
ሕ
ሕ
ሕ
ሕ
ሕ
ሕ࣑
࣑
࣑
࣑
࣑
࣑
࣑
࣑
࣑
࣑ૂ
ૂ
ૂ
ૂ
ૂ
ૂ
ૂ
ૂ
ૂ
ૂ
ૂ
ૂ䢪
䢪
䢪
䢪
䢪
䢪
䢪
䢪
䢪
䢪
䢪ࡡ
ࡡ
ࡡ
ࡡ
ࡡ
ࡡ
ࡡ
ࡡ
ࡡ࣑
࣑
࣑
࣑
࣑
࣑
࣑
࣑ (
(
(
(
(
(Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
YA
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
AO
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O)
)
) s
s
s
s
s
s
s
sk
k
k
k
k
k
k
ki
i
i
i
i
i
i
il
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
ll
l
l
l
l
l i
i
i
i
i
i
in
n
n
n
n
n m
m
m
m
ma
a
a
a
a
a
ak
k
k
k
k
king
correct dec
c
c
ci
i
i
i
is
s
s
s
s
si
i
i
i
i
io
o
o
on
n
n
n
n
ns
s
s
s
s a
a
a
a
an
n
n
n
n
n
n
nd
d
d
d
d
d
d j
j
j
ju
u
u
u
u
ud
d
dg
g
g
g
g
g
g
gm
m
m
m
m
m
m
me
e
e
e
en
n
n
n
n
n
nt
t
t
t
t
t
ts in
n
n
n
n
n a
a
a
a
a p
p
p
p
p
pa
a
a
a
a
ar
r
r
r
r
rt
t
t
t
ti
i
i
i
ic
c
c
c
c
cu
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
ul
l
l
l
la
a
a
a
a
ar
r
r
r
r
r s
s
s
s
s
s
s
su
u
u
u
u
ub
b
b
b
b
bj
j
j
j
j
je
e
e
e
ec
c
c
ct
t
t
t
t
t
t
t, such as business
or politics
13. 34 | P a g e
barefaced adjective UK ޖEHԥ.feܼst/ US ޖEHUIHܼst/ disapproving
䵨僞Ⲻχᰖ㙱Ⲻ not trying to hide your bad behaviour
baroque adjective UK /bԥޖrܥk/ US /bԥޖr‡ޝNᐪ㖍ށᕅⲺ
relating to the heavily decorated style in buildings, art, and music that
was popular in Europe in the 17th century and the early part of the 18th
century
barrage noun 1 UK ޖE U‡ݤޝ/ US /bԥޖr‡ݤޝ/ (ATTACK) ᧟
ᣚ⛤⚡θ䱱࠱⚡㖇 [ C usually singular ] the action of continuously
firing large guns to protect soldiers advancing on an enemy
barren adjective 1 UK ޖE Uԥn/ US ޖEHUԥn/䍡ⱖⲺχу∑
Ⲻ unable to produce plants or fruit
barricade noun 1 [ C ] UK ޖE Uܼ.keܼd/ /bær.ܼޖkeܼd/ US
ޖEHUԥ.keܼd/ /ber.ԥޖkeܼd/ δቚ䗻䙕䇴㖤Ⲻε䳒⻃⢟θ䐥䳒 a line or
pile of objects put together, often quickly, to stop people from going
where they want to go
barter verb 1 [ I or T ] UK ޖE‡ޝWԥr/ US ޖE‡ޝUWࡩܬ/ ԛ⢟᱉
⢟χ᱉䍝䍮᱉ to exchange goods for other things rather than for money
bash verb 1 UK /bæݕ/ US /bæݕ/ (HIT) ⥑χ⥑࠱ [ I or
T ] informal to hit hard
bask verb 1 [ I usually + adv/prep ] UK /b‡ޝVN86
/bæsk/ ᲈའ䱩χ to lie or sit enjoying the warmth especially of the
sun
batch noun 1 [ C ] UK /bætݕ/ US /bætݕ/ жθж㓺 a
group of things or people dealt with at the same time or considered
similar in type
barrage noun 1 UK ޖE U‡ݤޝ/ US /bԥޖr‡ݤޝ/ (ATTACK) ᧟
ᣚ⛤⚡θ䱱࠱⚡㖇 [ C usually singula
a
a
a
ar
r
r
r ]
]
]
]
] t
t
t
t
th
h
h
h
he
e
e
e
e
e action of continuously
firing large guns to protect soldie
e
e
e
er
r
r
r
rs
s
s
s
s adva
a
a
a
an
n
n
n
nc
c
c
c
cing on
n
n
n
n
n an enemy
barren adjective 1 U
U
U
U
U
U
UK ޖE
E
E
E
E
E
E Uԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥn
n
n
n
n
n/ US
S
S
S ޖEHUԥn/䍡ⱖⲺχу∑
Ⲻ unable to produce plant
t
t
ts
s
s
s
s or frui
i
i
i
it
t
t
t
t
barricade noun 1 [
[
[
[
[ C ] UK ޖE Uܼ
ܼ.ke
e
e
e
e
eܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼd
d
d
d
d/ /bær.ܼޖkeܼd/ US
ޖEHUԥ.keܼd/ /ber.ԥޖkeܼd/ δቚ䗻
䗻
䗻
䗻
䗻
䗻
䗻
䗻䙕䇴㖤
㖤
㖤
㖤
㖤
㖤Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻε
ε
ε
ε
ε
ε
ε䳒
䳒
䳒
䳒
䳒⻃⢟θ䐥䳒 a line or
pile of objects put togethe
er
r
r
r
r
r,
,
,
,
, often qui
ickly, to
o
o
o s
s
s
s
st
t
t
top people from going
where they want to go
barter v
v
ve
e
e
er
r
rb
b
b 1
1
1 [
[
[ I
I
I o
o
o
or
r
r T
T
T ]
]
] U
U
UK
K
K
ޖ
ޖ
ޖ
ޖE
E
E
E‡
‡
‡
‡ޝ
ޝ
ޝ
ޝW
W
W
Wԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥr
r
r/
/ U
U
US
S
S
ޖE
E
E
E‡
‡
‡
‡ޝUWࡩܬ/ ԛ⢟᱉
⢟χ᱉䍝䍮᱉ to exch
h
ha
a
an
n
ng
g
ge
e
e
e g
g
go
o
oo
o
od
d
ds
s
s f
f
f
fo
o
or
r
r o
o
ot
t
th
h
he
e
er
r
r t
t
th
h
hi
i
in
n
ng
g
gs
s
s rather than for money
bash v
v
v
v
v
ve
e
e
e
er
r
r
r
r
rb
b
b
b
b 1
1
1
1
1 U
U
U
U
UK
K
K
K
K
K
K /
/
/
/
/
/
/
/b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
bæ
æ
æ
æ
æ
æ
æ
æݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
æ
æ
æ
æ
æ
æ /
/
/
/
/
/ U
U
U
U
U
U
U
US
S
S
S
S
S
S
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ /
/
/
/
/
/b
b
b
b
b
b
bæ
æ
æ
æ
æ
æ
æ
æݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
æ
æ
æ
æ
æ
æ
æ /
/
/
/
/ (
(
(
(
(
(
(H
H
H
H
H
H
H
HI
I
I
I
I
I
IT
T
T
T
T
T)
)
)
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ ⥑
⥑
⥑
⥑
⥑
⥑
⥑
⥑
⥑
⥑
χ
χ
χ
χ⥑
⥑
⥑
⥑
⥑
⥑
⥑࠱
࠱
࠱
࠱
࠱
࠱
࠱
࠱ [ I or
T ] informa
a
a
al
l
l
l
l
l
l t
t
t
t
to
o
o
o
o h
h
h
h
h
hi
i
i
i
it h
h
h
h
h
h
h
ha
a
a
a
a
ar
r
r
r
rd
d
d
d
d
d
bask verb 1 [ I usually + adv/prep ] UK /b‡ޝVN 86
14. 44 | P a g e
calamity noun [ C ] UK /kԥޖlæm.ԥ.ti/ US /kԥޖlæm.ԥ.WࡩL⚴䳴χ
⚴⾮ a serious accident or bad event causing damage or suffering
calcify verb [ I or T ] UK ޖN OVܼ.faܼ/ US ޖN OVԥ.faܼ/ δቚ
䙐䗽ࣖ䫏⢟䍞εֵ⺢θ⺢ौ to become hard or make
something hard, especially by the addition of substances containing
calcium
calibrate verb 1 [ T ] engineering, science specialized US UK
ޖN Oܼ.breܼt/ ࡈ࠼ࡱᓜθḽᇐ to mark units of measurement on an
instrument such so that it can measure accurately
calligraphy noun [ U ] UK /kԥޖlܼˆ.rԥ.fi/ US /kԥޖlܼˆ.rԥ.fi/ Ҝ
⌋χҜ⌋㢰ᵥ (the art of producing) beautiful writing, often created
with a special pen or brush
callous adjective UK ޖN Oԥs/ US ޖN Oԥs/ ߭䞭ᰖⲺχᰖ
ੂᗹⲺθ哱ᵞуӷⲺ unkind, cruel, and without sympathy or feeling
for other people
callow adjective literary disapproving UK ޖN Oԥݜ/ US
ޖN ORݜ/δቚᒪ䖱ӰεᒲぐⲺχу㠠Ⲻؗχу䉏ьӁⲺ Someone,
especially a young person, who is callow behaves in a way that shows
they have little experience, confidence, or judgment.
calumniate verb [ I or T ] formal UK /kԥޖlݞm.ni.eܼt/ US
/kԥޖlݞm.ni.eܼt/ 䈳䉚θ䙖䉙θѣ՚ to make statements about someone
that are not true and that are damaging to their reputation:
camaraderie noun [ S or U ] UK ޙN Pԥޖr‡ޝGԥr.i/ US ޙN Pԥޖr
‡ޝGܬ.i/ ੂᘍ䉀χਁ a feeling of friendliness towards people that
you work or share an experience with
calibrate verb 1 [ T ] engineering, science specialized US UK
ޖN O
ܼ.breܼt/ ࡈ࠼ࡱᓜθḽᇐ to mark
k
k
k
k u
u
u
u
un
n
n
n
ni
i
it
t
t
t
ts
s
s
s
s o
o
o
o
of
f measurement on an
instrument such so that it can me
e
e
ea
a
a
a
as
s
sure a
a
a
a
a
ac
c
c
c
ccu
u
u
u
uratel
l
ly
y
y
y
y
calligraphy noun [
[
[
[
[
[ U
U
U
U ] UK
K
K
K
K /k
k
k
k
k
kԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥޖlܼˆ.r
r
r
r
rԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ.fi/ US /kԥ
ԥޖlܼˆ.rԥ.fi/ Ҝ
⌋χҜ⌋㢰ᵥ (the art of p
p
p
p
producin
n
n
n
ng
g
g)
)
) b
b
be
e
e
e
ea
a
a
au
u
u
u
ut
t
t
t
ti
i
i
i
if
f
fu
u
u
u
ul
l writing, often created
with a special pen or brus
s
s
s
sh
h
h
h
callous adjective
e
e
e
e UK ޖN
N
N
N
N
N
N
N Oԥs/
/ U
U
U
U
US
S
S
S
S
S
ޖ
ޖ
ޖ
ޖ
ޖ
ޖN Oԥs/ ߭䞭ᰖⲺχᰖ
ੂᗹⲺθ哱ᵞуӷⲺ u
u
un
n
n
n
nkind, cruel, and
d
d
d
d w
w
w
w
w
without sympathy or feeling
for other people
callow a
a
ad
d
d
dj
j
je
ec
c
ct
t
tiv
v
ve
e
e l
l
li
i
i
it
t
te
er
r
ra
a
ar
r
ry
y
y d
d
di
i
is
s
sa
a
ap
p
p
pp
p
pr
r
ro
o
ov
v
vi
i
in
n
ng
g
g U
U
UK
K
K
ޖ
ޖ
ޖN
N
N
O
O
O
Oԥݜ/ US
ޖN ORݜ/δቚᒪ䖱Ӱ
Ӱ
Ӱ
Ӱε
ε
ε
εᒲ
ᒲ
ᒲ
ᒲ
ᒲぐ
ぐ
ぐ
ぐⲺ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻχу
у
у
у㠠
㠠
㠠
㠠ؗ
ؗ
ؗ
ؗⲺ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻχу
у
у
у䉏ьӁⲺ Someone,
especially a
a
a
a
a
a
a y
y
y
y
y
y
yo
o
ou
u
u
u
u
un
n
n
n
n
ng
g
g
g
g
g p
p
p
p
p
p
p
p
pe
e
e
e
e
e
er
r
r
r
rs
s
s
s
s
so
o
o
o
o
on, w
w
w
w
w
w
wh
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
ho
o
o
o
o
o
o i
i
i
i
i
is
s
s
s
s c
c
c
c
c
c
ca
a
a
a
a
a
a
al
l
l
l
l
llo
o
o
o
o
ow
w
w
w
w
w b
b
b
b
b
b
be
e
e
e
eh
h
h
h
h
h
ha
a
a
a
av
v
v
v
v
v
ve
e
e
e
e
e
es
s
s
s
s
s
s i
i
i
i
in
n
n
n
n a
a
a
a
a w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
wa
a
a
a
ay
y
y
y
y
y t
t
t
t
t
th
h
h
h
ha
a
a
at
t
t
t
t
t
t s
s
s
s
shows
they have l
l
l
li
i
i
i
it
t
t
t
t
tt
t
t
t
t
tl
l
l
l
le e
e
e
e
exp
p
p
p
p
pe
e
e
e
e
e
e
er
r
r
r
r
rie
e
e
e
en
n
n
n
n
nc
c
c
c
ce
e
e
e
e
e
e
e,
,
,
,
, c
c
co
o
o
o
o
o
on
n
n
n
n
n
nfid
d
d
d
d
de
e
e
e
e
en
n
n
n
n
nc
c
c
c
ce
e
e
e
e,
,
,
,
, o
o
o
o
o
or
r
r
r
r j
j
j
j
j
ju
u
u
u
u
u
u
ud
d
d
d
d
dg
g
g
g
g
gm
m
m
m
m
m
me
e
e
e
en
n
n
n
n
nt
t
t
t
t.
.
.
.
calumniate verb [ I or T ] formal UK /kԥޖlݞm.ni.eܼt/ US
15. 54 | P a g e
clout noun 2 UK /klaݜt/ US /klaݜt/ (POWER) ᵹࣵχᖧ
ଃ࣑ [ U ] power and influence over other people or events
cloying adjective 1 UK ޖNOܼܧ.ܼƾ86 ޖNOܼܧ.ܼƾ7226:((7
16. ⭒ᗍਇ㞱Ⲻ literary disapproving too sweet and therefore unpleasant
coagulate verb [ I or T ] UK /kԥޖݜæˆ.jԥ.leܼt/ US /koޖݜæˆ.jԥ.leܼt/
δֵεࠓ㔉θδֵεࠓര to change from liquid to a more solid state,
or to cause something to do this
coalesce verb [ I ] formal UK /kԥݜ.ԥޖles/ US /koݜ.ԥޖles/ 㚊
ਾθਾᒬ If two or more things coalesce, they come or grow together to
form one thing or system.
coarse adjective 1 UK /kޝܧV86 /kޝܧUV528*+
17. ㋍㌏Ⲻχ
уⲺ┇ݿχуḊ䖥Ⲻχ㋍ཝⲺ rough and not smooth or soft, or not in
very small pieces
coax verb [ T ] UK /kԥݜks/ US /koݜks/ ૺ࣓χૺ働χ࣓
䈧 to persuade someone gently to do something or go somewhere, by
being kind and patient, or by appearing to be
coda noun 1 [ C ] UK ޖNԥݜ.dԥ/ US ޖNRݜ.dԥ/ δ҆ᴨȽ҆
ㄖⲺε㔉ᶕ҆⇫θ㔉ቴθቴ༦ music specialized a piece of music at
the end of a longer piece of music, usually separate from the basic
structure
coerce verb [ T ] formal UK /kԥޝܮޖݜV86 /koޝܯޖݜVᕰθ
ᕰ䘡χ့䙲θ㛷䘡 to persuade someone forcefully to do something
that they are unwilling to do
g q ,
or to cause something to do this
coalesce verb [ I ] formal U
U
U
U
UK
K
K
K
K /kԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥݜ
ݜ
ݜ.ԥޖ
ޖ
ޖl
l
l
l
l
le
e
e
e
e
es/ US /koݜ.ԥޖles/ 㚊
ਾθਾᒬ If two or more thing
g
g
g
g
g
g
gs
s
s
s
s coale
e
e
e
es
s
s
s
sce, t
t
t
t
they c
c
c
c
come or grow together to
form one thing or system.
coarse adjective
e
e
e 1 UK /
/
/
/k
k
kޝܧV
86
6
6
6 /
/
/
/
/k
k
k
k
k
kޝܧUV528*+
18. ㋍㌏Ⲻχ
уⲺ┇ݿχуḊ䖥Ⲻχ㋍
㋍
㋍
㋍
㋍
㋍ཝⲺ r
r
r
ro
o
ou
u
ug
gh
h a
an
n
n
n
nd
d
d
d
d n
n
no
o
o
ot
t
t
t
t smooth or soft, or not in
very small pieces
coax verb [ T ] U
U
U
U
UK
K
K
K
K
K /kԥݜk
k
k
k
ks
s
s
s
s/
/
/
/
/ U
U
U
U
US
S
S
S
S /koݜks/ ૺ࣓χૺ働χ࣓
䈧 to persuad
d
de
e
e som
m
me
e
eone g
g
gently
y to
o
o d
do
o
o so
o
om
meth
h
hing
g
g o
o
or
r
r g
g
go somewhere, by
being kind and
d
d
d
d pat
t
t
ti
i
ient
t
t,
,
, or
r b
b
by
y
y ap
p
pp
p
pe
eari
ing
g
g
g to b
b
be
e
e
coda n
no
o
o
o
ou
u
u
u
un
n
n
n
n 1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 [ C
C
C
C
C
C ]
]
]
]
]
]
] U
U
U
U
U
U
UK
K
K
K
K
K
K
ޖN
N
N
N
Nԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜ.d
d
d
d
d
dԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ/
/
/
/
/ U
U
U
U
US
S
S
S
S
S
S
ޖN
N
N
N
N
N
N
NR
R
R
R
R
R
Rݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜ.
.
.
.
.
.d
d
d
d
dԥ/
/
/
/
/ δ
δ
δ
δ
δ҆
҆
҆
҆
҆
҆
҆
҆ᴨȽ҆
ㄖⲺε㔉ᶕ
ᶕ
ᶕ
ᶕ
ᶕ
ᶕ
ᶕ҆
҆
҆
҆⇫
⇫
⇫
⇫
⇫
⇫θ
θ
θ
θ㔉
㔉
㔉
㔉
㔉
㔉
㔉ቴ
ቴ
ቴ
ቴ
ቴ
ቴθ
θ
θ
θ
θ
θቴ
ቴ
ቴ
ቴ
ቴ
ቴ༦
༦
༦
༦
༦
༦
༦
༦
༦ music sp
p
p
p
pec
c
c
c
cia
a
a
a
alized
d
d
d
d
d a
a
a piece of music at
the end of a l
l
l
l
l
l
longer p
p
p
pi
iece o
o
o
of
f
f
f
f
f
f m
m
mu
u
u
u
u
usic, u
usu
ual
l
l
l
l
ll
l
l
l
ly se
e
ep
p
pa
a
ar
ra
at
t
t
t
te
e
e f
f
f
f
f
fr
ro
om the basic
structure
19. 64 | P a g e
contentious adjective UK /kԥQޖWHn.ݕԥs/ US /kԥQޖWHQݕԥs/ ᴿ
ҿ䇤Ⲻχᕋ䎭ҿ䇰Ⲻχਥ㜳ᕋਇҿ䇤Ⲻ causing or likely to cause
disagreement
contiguous adjective formal UK /kԥQޖWܼˆ.ju.ԥs/ US
/kԥQޖWܼˆ.ju.ԥs/ 䘇Ⲻθ䛱Ⲻχ∍䛱Ⲻχӈ䘔Ⲻ next to or
touching another, usually similar, thing
contort verb [ I or T ] UK /kԥQޖWޝܧW86 /kԥQޖWޝܧUW
δֵεᢣᴨχδֵε↠ᴨχδֵεᖘ to (cause something to) twist
or bend violently and unnaturally into a different shape or form
contravene verb [ T ] formal UK ޙNܥn.trԥޖYLޝQ86
ޙN‡ޝQWUԥޖYLޝQ䘓ਃθ䘓⣥δ⌋ᗁᡌ㿺ࡏε to do something that a law
or rule does not allow, or to break a law or rule
contrite adjective formal UK /kԥQޖWUDܼt/ US ޖN‡ޝQWUDܼt/
ᛊ㖠ⲺχᛊⲺ feeling very sorry and guilty for something bad that
you have done
contrived adjective disapproving UK /kԥQޖWUDܼvd/ US
/kԥQޖWUDܼvd/ ӰѰⲺθу㠠❬Ⲻχ⢫ᕰⲺ artificial and difficult to
believe
contumacious adjective 1 UK ޙNܥn.tjޖݜmeܼ.ݕԥs/ US ޙN‡QޙWݜ-
/ уળԚⲺχδቚሯ⌋ᓣળԚεᣍᤈⲺ law specialized refusing
to obey or respect the law in a way that shows contempt
conundrum noun 1 [ C ] UK /kԥޖnݞn.drԥm/ US
/kԥޖnݞn.drԥm/ 䳴从χགྷᵸⲺ䰤从 a problem that is difficult to deal
with
contort
t verb [ I or T ] UK /kԥQޖWޝܧW86 /kԥQޖWޝܧUW
δֵεᢣᴨχδֵε↠ᴨχδֵε
ᖘ
ᖘ
ᖘ
ᖘ
ᖘ
ᖘ t
t
t
t
to
o
o
o
o
o (
(
(
(
(
(cause something to) twist
or bend violently and unnaturally
y
y
y
y
y
y i
i
i
i
into a
a
a
a
a d
d
d
d
di
i
i
i
if
f
f
f
fferen
n
n
nt
t
t
t
t shape or form
contravene v
v
v
v
v
ve
e
e
erb [ T
T
T
T
T ] for
r
r
r
r
rm
m
m
m
m
mal U
U
U
U
U
UK
K
K
K
K ޙNܥ
N
N n.trԥޖYLޝQ86
ޙN
N‡ޝQWUԥޖYLޝQ䘓ਃθ䘓⣥
⣥
⣥
⣥
⣥
⣥δ⌋ᗁ
ᗁ
ᗁ
ᗁ
ᗁ
ᗁᡌ㿺
㿺
㿺
㿺
㿺
㿺
㿺ࡏ
ࡏ
ࡏ
ࡏ
ࡏ
ࡏε
ε
ε
ε
ε
ε
ε to do something that a law
or rule does not allow, or t
t
t
t
to break a law or ru
u
u
u
ul
l
l
l
le
e
e
e
e
e
e
contrite ad
d
d
d
dj
j
j
j
jective fo
o
o
o
o
or
r
r
r
r
rmal UK
K
K
K
K /
/
/
/kԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥQޖWUDܼt/ US ޖN‡ޝQWUDܼt/
ᛊ㖠ⲺχᛊⲺ feeling v
v
v
v
v
ve
e
e
e
ery sorry and gui
i
i
i
il
l
l
l
lt
t
t
t
t
ty
y
y
y
y for something bad that
you have done
contrived a
a
ad
d
dj
j
je
e
ec
c
c
ct
t
ti
i
iv
v
ve
e
e d
d
di
isa
a
ap
p
pp
p
pr
r
ro
o
ov
v
vi
i
in
n
ng
g
g U
U
UK
K
K /
/
/k
k
kԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥQ
Q
Q
QޖW
W
W
WU
U
U
U
UD
D
D
Dܼ
ܼ
ܼvd/ US
/kԥQޖWUDܼvd/ ӰѰⲺθу
у
у
у㠠
㠠
㠠
㠠❬
❬
❬
❬Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻχ
χ
χ
χ⢫
⢫
⢫
⢫ᕰ
ᕰ
ᕰ
ᕰⲺ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ a
a
ar
r
rt
t
ti
i
if
f
fi
ic
c
ci
i
ia
a
al and difficult to
believe
contumaci
i
i
i
i
io
o
o
o
o
ou
u
u
u
u
us
s
s
s a
a
a
a
ad
d
d
d
d
d
d
dj
j
j
j
j
j
je
e
e
e
e
ec
c
c
c
c
cti
i
i
i
iv
v
v
v
v
ve
e
e
e
e 1 U
U
U
U
U
UK
K
K
K
K
K
ޙ
ޙ
ޙ
ޙ
ޙ
ޙN
N
N
N
N
Nܥ
ܥ
ܥ
ܥ
ܥ
ܥ
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n.
.
.t
t
t
t
t
tj
j
j
j
j
j
jݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜޖm
m
m
m
m
me
e
e
e
eܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼ.
.ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
. s/ US ޙN‡QޙWݜ-
/ уળԚⲺχδቚሯ⌋ᓣળԚεᣍᤈⲺ law specialized refusing
20. 74 | P a g e
argument cannot be reached because neither side will change its
demands or accept any of the demands of the other side
deadpan adjective UK ޖGHGS Q86 ޖGHGS Q᭻֒ћ㚹
Ⲻχٽ㻻↙㔅Ⲻχуࣞ༦㢨Ⲻ looking or seeming serious when you
are telling a joke
dearth noun [ S ] formal UK /dޝܮș86 /dޝܯșу䏩θ㕰҅θ
㕰ቇ an amount or supply that is not large enough
debacle noun [ C ] UK /deܼޖb‡ޝNԥl/ US /dܼޖb‡ޝNԥl/ δቚ
ഖ䇗ࡈૂ㓺㓽уઞ㙂ሲ㠪Ⲻεᖱᓋཧ䍛θж䍛⎸൦θ፟Ⓓ a
complete failure, especially because of bad planning and organization
debark verb 1 8.ޙGLޖE‡ޝN86ޙGLޖE‡ޝUN*(72))
21. ,@
(ֵ)с㡯(伔ᵰȽ䖜ㅿ);ম(ᇘȽ䍝) to leave a ship, aircraft, etc. after a
journey:
debase verb [ T ] UK /dܼޖbeܼs/ US /dܼޖbeܼs/ ֵ๋㩳χ䍢ք to
reduce the quality or value of something
debilitate verb [ T ] formal UK /dܼޖbܼl.ܼ.teܼt/ US /dܼޖbܼl.ԥ.teܼt/ ֵ
㲐ᕧχࢀᕧθֵ㺦ᕧ to make someone or something physically weak
debonair adjective old-fashioned UK ޙGHEԥޖneԥr/ US
ޙGHEԥޖner/ δቚ⭭Ӱεᴿ养࣑Ⲻθݿᖟ➝ӰⲺθ伄ᓜ㘟㘟Ⲻ
(especially of men) attractive, confident, and carefully dressed
debris noun [ U ] UK ޖGHEULޖޝGHܼEULޝ86 /dԥޖEUL⻄ޝ
⡽θ⇁⡽ broken or torn pieces of something larger
㕰ቇ an amount or supply that is not large enough
debacle noun [ C ] UK /de
e
e
e
eܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼޖb
b
b
b
b‡ޝNԥl
l
l
l
l/
/
/
/
/
/ U
U
U
U
U
US /dܼޖb‡ޝNԥl/ δቚ
ഖ䇗ࡈૂ㓺㓽уઞ㙂ሲ㠪Ⲻε
ε
ε
ε
ε
εᖱ
ᖱ
ᖱ
ᖱ
ᖱ
ᖱ
ᖱᓋཧ
ཧ
ཧ
ཧ
ཧ
ཧ
ཧ䍛
䍛
䍛
䍛
䍛
䍛θж䍛
䍛
䍛
䍛
䍛
䍛⎸൦θ፟Ⓓ a
complete failure, especially b
b
b
b
b
because
e
e
e
e of b
b
b
b
ba
a
a
a
a
ad pla
a
a
a
an
n
n
n
n
nning and organization
debark
k verb 1 8
8
8.
.
.
.
.
.ޙGLޖE‡ޝN
N
N
N
8
8
8
86
6
6
6
ޙG
G
G
G
G
G
GLޖE‡ޝUN*(72))
22. ,@
(ֵ)с
с㡯(伔ᵰȽ䖜ㅿ);ম
ম
ম
ম
ম
ম(ᇘȽ䍝
䍝
䍝
䍝
䍝
䍝)
)
) to leav
v
v
v
ve
e
e
e
e
e a s
s
s
s
sh
h
hip, aircraft, etc. after a
journey:
debase verb [ T ] U
U
U
U
UK
K
K
K
K /dܼޖbeܼs
s
s
s
s/
/
/
/
/ U
U
U
U
US
S
S
S
S /dܼޖ
ޖbeܼs/ ֵ๋㩳χ䍢ք to
reduce the quality
y
y or value of something
debilitate verb [
[
[ T
T
T ]
]
] f
f
fo
o
or
rm
m
ma
a
al
l U
U
UK
K
K /
/
/d
d
dܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼޖb
b
bܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼl
l
l.
.
.ܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼ.
.t
t
te
e
eܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼt/ US /dܼޖbܼl.ԥ.teܼt/ ֵ
㲐ᕧχࢀᕧ
ᕧ
ᕧ
ᕧ
ᕧ
ᕧ
ᕧθ
θ
θ
θ
θ
θֵ
ֵ
ֵ
ֵ
ֵ
ֵ
ֵ㺦
㺦
㺦
㺦
㺦
㺦
㺦ᕧ
ᕧ
ᕧ
ᕧ
ᕧ
ᕧ t
t
t
t
t
to m
m
m
m
m
ma
a
a
a
ak
k
k
k
k
ke
e
e
e s
s
s
s
so
o
o
o
om
m
m
m
m
me
e
e
e
e
eo
o
o
o
on
n
n
n
n
ne
e
e
e
e o
o
o
o
or
r s
s
so
o
o
o
om
m
m
m
m
m
me
e
e
e
e
et
t
t
t
th
h
h
h
hi
i
i
i
in
n
n
n
n
n
ng
g
g
g
g p
p
p
p
p
p
ph
h
h
h
hy
y
y
y
y
ysically
y
y
y
y weak
debonair
r
r ad
d
d
d
dj
j
j
j
j
j
j
je
e
e
e
e
e
ect
t
t
t
ti
i
i
i
i
iv
v
v
ve
e
e
e
e
e
e o
o
o
o
o
o
o
ol
l
ld
d
d
d
d
d-
-
-
-f
f
f
f
fash
h
h
h
hi
i
i
io
o
o
o
on
n
n
n
ne
e
e
e
ed
d
d
d
d
d U
U
U
U
U
UK
K
K
K
K
K ޙ
ޙ
ޙ
ޙ
ޙGHE
E
E
E
E
E
Eԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥޖneԥr/ US
ޙGHE
ԥޖner/ δ
δ
δ
δ
δ
δቚ
⭭
⭭
⭭
⭭
⭭
⭭
⭭Ӱ
Ӱ
Ӱε
ε
ε
ε
εᴿ
ᴿ
ᴿ
ᴿ
ᴿ
ᴿ
ᴿ养
养
养
养
养
养
养࣑
࣑
࣑
࣑
࣑
࣑
࣑Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻθݿ
ݿ
ݿ
ݿ
ݿ
ݿᖟ
ᖟ
ᖟ
ᖟ
ᖟ
ᖟ
ᖟ➝
➝
➝
➝
➝
➝
➝
➝
➝Ӱ
Ӱ
Ӱ
Ӱ
Ӱ
Ӱ
ӰⲺ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻθ伄ᓜ㘟㘟Ⲻ
( i ll f ) tt ti fid t d f ll d d
23. 84 | P a g e
dilate verb [ I or T ] UK /daܼޖleܼt/ US ޖGDܼ.leܼt/ δֵ
䓡։Ⲻж䜞࠼εᢟᕖθኋᔶ to (cause a part of the body to) become
wider or further open
dilatory adjective formal UK ޖdܼl.ԥ.tԥr.i/ US
ޖGܼl.ԥ.tޝܧUL㕉មⲺθᤌᔬⲺθ䘕㕉Ⲻ slow and likely to cause delay
dilettante noun [ C ] usually disapproving UK
ޙGܼl.ԥޖtæn.ti/ US ޙGܼl.ԥޖtæn.ti/ plural dilettanti dilettantes ж⸛ঀ䀙
㘻χঀੀᆆχѐ֏⡧ླ㘻 a person who is or seems to be interested in
a subject, but whose understanding of it is not very deep or serious
diligent adjective 1 UK ޖGܼl.ܼ.dݤԥnt/ US ޖGܼl.ԥ.dݤԥnt/ 䇚ⵕࡱ
㤜ⲺθचཱྀⲺθचࣩⲺ approving careful and using a lot of effort
dilute verb 1 [ T ] UK /daܼޖOXޝW86 /daܼޖOXޝW〶䠀θߨ␗
to make a liquid weaker by mixing in something else
din noun [ S ] UK /dܼn/ US /dܼn/ θాᵸ༦ a loud,
unpleasant confused noise that lasts for a long time
dingy adjective UK ޖGܼn.dݤi/ US ޖGܼn.dݤi/ 䱪㛤㝅Ⲻ
dark and often also dirty
diocese noun [ C ] UK ޖGDܼ.ԥ.sܼs/ US ޖGDܼ.ԥ.sܼs/ plural
dioceses ѱᮏ䗌॰ an area controlled by a bishop
diplomatic adjective 1 UK ޙGܼp.lԥޖmæt.ܼk/ US ޙGܼp.lԥޖP Wࡩܼk/
C1 ཌӚⲺ involving diplomats or the management of the relationships
between countries
dire adjective 1 UK /daܼԥr/ US /daܼr/ ћ䠃ⲺχধᙛⲺχ
ᶷㄥⲺ very serious or extreme
ޙGܼl.ԥޖtæn.ti/ US ޙGܼl.ԥޖtæn.ti/ plural dilettanti dilettantes ж⸛ঀ䀙
㘻χঀੀᆆχѐ֏⡧ླ㘻 a person w
w
w
w
wh
h
h
h
ho
o
o
o
o i
i
is
s
s
s
s o
o
o
o
o
or
r
r
r
r
r seems to be interested in
a subject, but whose understandi
in
n
n
n
n
ng
g
g of it
t
t
t
t
t i
i
i
i
is not ve
e
e
e
ery deep or serious
diligent
t adjective 1 U
U
U
U
U
U
UK
ޖG
G
G
G
G
Gܼl.ܼ.d
d
d
d
d
d
dݤ
ݤ
ݤ
ݤԥnt/
/ U
U
U
U
U
US
ޖG
Gܼl.ԥ.dݤԥnt/ 䇚ⵕࡱ
㤜Ⲻθ
θचཱྀⲺθ
θचࣩⲺ a
a
a
a
ap
p
p
p
pprovin
n
n
n
ng
g
g
g c
c
ca
a
ar
r
r
r
re
e
e
e
ef
f
f
f
fu
u
u
u
ul
l
l
l
l a
a
an
n
n
n
nd using a lot of effort
dilute verb 1 [
[
[
[
[ T ] UK /daܼޖOXޝW
W
W
W
W
W
8
8
8
8
8
86
6
6
6
6
6
/daܼޖOXޝW〶䠀θߨ␗
to make a liquid weaker b
b
b
b
by mixing
g
g
g
g
g
g in so
o
o
o
om
m
m
m
m
me
e
e
et
t
t
t
t
th
h
h
hin
n
n
n
ng
g
g else
din
n noun [ S ] U
U
U
U
UK
K
K
K /dܼ
ܼn/ U
U
U
U
US
S
S
S
S /
/
/
/
/dܼn/ θాᵸ༦ a loud,
unpleasant confused noise that lasts for a long time
dingy
y ad
djec
c
ct
t
ti
i
iv
v
ve
e
e U
U
UK
K
K
ޖG
G
G
Gܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼn
n
n.
.d
d
dݤ
ݤ
ݤ
ݤ
ݤi
i
i/
/
/ U
U
US
S
S
ޖG
G
G
Gܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼn.d
dݤi/ 䱪㛤㝅Ⲻ
dark and oft
t
te
e
e
e
en a
a
a
a
al
l
l
l
lso
o
o d
d
d
dir
r
r
r
rt
t
t
t
ty
y
y
y
y
y
diocese n
n
no
o
o
o
ou
u
u
u
u
u
un [
[
[
[
[
[ C
C ]
]
]
]
]
]
]
] U
U
U
UK
K
K
K
K
K ޖGDܼ.ԥ.sܼs/
/
/
/
/ U
U
U
U
US ޖG
G
G
G
G
G
GD
D
D
D
D
Dܼ.ԥ.sܼs/ plural
dioceses ѱ
ѱ
ѱ
ѱ
ѱᮏ
ᮏ
ᮏ
ᮏ
ᮏ
ᮏ
ᮏ
ᮏ䗌
䗌
䗌
䗌
䗌
䗌
䗌
䗌॰
॰
॰
॰
॰
॰
॰
॰ an area con
n
n
ntrol
l
l
l
l
ll
l
l
l
led
d
d
d
d b
b
b
b
b
by a b
b
b
b
b
bi
i
i
i
ish
h
h
h
h
h
h
hop
24. 93 | P a g e
dormant adjective UK ޖGޝܧPԥnt/ US ޖGޝܧUPԥnt/ 㴦ՅⲺθ⊿
ⲺθՇⵖⲺ Something that is dormant is not active or growing but
has the ability to be active at a later time.
dour adjective UK /dݜԥr/ US /dݜr/ δ䙐ᑮӰⲺཌ㺞ᡌ
㺂Ѱε߭ጱⲺθ䱪⊿Ⲻθу㤕䀶ㅇⲺ (usually of a person's
appearance or manner) unfriendly, unhappy, and very serious
douse verb 1 [ T ] (also dowse) UK /daݜs/ US /daݜs/ ੇĊ
⌲⏨։θᵓĊ⍈⏨։ to make something or someone wet by throwing a
lot of liquid over it, him, or her
downplay verb [ T ] UK ޙGDݜQޖSOHܼ/ US ޙGDݜQޖSOHܼ/ ሯĊ䖱ᨅ
␗ߏχ䍢քχքզ to make something seem less important or less bad
than it really is
downpour noun [ C usually singular ] UK ޖGDݜn.pޝܧU86
ޖGDݜn.pޝܧUᳪ䴞θ僚䴞 a lot of rain in a short time
doyen noun [ C usually singular ] UK ޖGܼܧ.en/ /dwaܼޖen/ US
ޖGܼܧ.en/ /dwaܼޖen/ δḆж亼ตⲺε㘷ࢃ䖾θ㘷щᇬ the oldest, most
experienced, and often most respected person of all the people involved
in a particular type of work
doze verb [ I ] UK /dԥݜz/ US /doݜz/ δቚⲳཟεቅθ
ᢉ to have a short sleep, especially during the day
drab adjective disapproving UK /dræb/ US /dræb/ drabber |
drabbest δቚཌ㺞εঋ䈹Ⲻθ҅Ⲻθ㕰҅㢨ᖟⲺθᒩ␗Ⲻ
boring, especially in appearance; having little colour and excitement
draconian adjective formal UK /drԥޖkԥݜ.ni.ԥn/ US
/drԥޖkoݜ.ni.ԥn/ δ⌋ᗁȽ᭵ᓒ㺂Ѱㅿε㤑ࡱⲺθћিⲺθћ䞭Ⲻ
douse verb 1 [ T ] (also dowse) UK /daݜs/ US /daݜs/ ੇĊ
⌲⏨։θᵓĊ⍈⏨։ to make somet
t
t
t
th
h
h
h
hi
i
i
in
n
n
ng or
r
r
r
r s
s
s
s
s
so
o
o
omeone wet by throwing a
lot of liquid over it, him, or her
downplay verb [ T ] U
U
U
U
U
UK
K
K
K
K ޙGD
D
D
D
D
Dݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜQޖS
S
S
S
S
SO
O
O
O
O
O
O
OHܼ/ U
U
U
U
US
S
S
S
S
S ޙGDݜQޖSOHܼ/ ሯĊ䖱ᨅ
␗ߏχ䍢քχքզ to ma
a
a
a
ak
k
k
k
ke some
e
e
et
t
t
th
h
hi
i
in
n
ng
g
g s
s
se
e
ee
e
em
m
m l
l
l
l
less important or less bad
than it really is
downpour noun [ C
C
C
C
C usually s
s
s
s
s
s
singul
l
l
l
la
a
a
a
a
ar
r
r
r
r ]
]
]
]
] UK
K
K
K
K ޖGDݜn.pޝܧU86
ޖGDݜn.pޝܧUᳪ䴞θ僚䴞
䴞 a
a
a l
l
l
lot of rain in a s
s
s
s
sh
h
h
h
ho
o
o
o
o
ort time
doyen noun [ C usually
y
y sing
gular ] UK
ޖG
Gܼܧ.en/ /dwaܼޖen/ US
ޖGܼܧ.en/ /dw
w
wa
a
a
aܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼޖe
en
n
n/
/
/
/ δ
δ
δ
δḆ
Ḇ
Ḇ
Ḇж
ж
ж
ж亼
亼
亼
亼
亼ต
ต
ต
ต
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻε
ε
ε
ε㘷
㘷
㘷
㘷ࢃ
ࢃ
ࢃ
ࢃ䖾
䖾
䖾
䖾θ㘷
㘷
㘷
㘷щ
щ
щ
щᇬ
ᇬ
ᇬ
ᇬ t
t
t
th
h
he oldest, most
experienced, and often most
t re
es
spected
d
d person of
f
f al
l
ll the people involved
in a particu
u
u
u
ul
l
l
l
l
l
la
a
a
a
a
a
ar
r
r
r
r
r t
t
t
t
ty
y
y
y
y
yp
p
p
p
p
pe
e
e
e
e
e o
o
o
o
o
o
o
of
f
f
f
f
f
f w
w
w
w
w
wo
o
o
ork
k
k
k
k
k
doze v
v
v
v
ve
e
e
e
e
e
er
r
r
r
r
rb
b
b
b
b
b [
[
[
[
[ I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I ]
]
]
]
]
]
] U
U
U
U
U
U
UK
K
K
K
K
K
K /dԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜz
z
z
z
z/
/
/
/
/ U
U
U
U
U
U
US
S
S
S
S
S /
/
/
/
/
/d
d
d
d
d
d
d
do
o
o
o
o
oݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜz
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z/
/
/
/
/
/
/ δ
δ
δ
δ
δ
δ
δቚ
ቚ
ቚ
ቚ
ቚ
ቚ
ቚ
ቚ
ቚ
ⲳཟεቅθ
ᢉ to have a short sleep, especially during the day
25. 184 | P a g e
misapprehension QRXQRU8@8.ޙPܼs.æp.rܼޖhen.ݕԥn/ US
ޙPܼs.æp.rԥޖhen.ݕԥn/ 䈥䀙θ䈥Ր a failure to understand something, or
an understanding or belief about something that is not correct
mischievous adjeFWLYH8.ޖPܼs.tܼݕ.vԥV86ޖPܼs.tݕԥ.vԥs/
δӰȽ㺂Ѱㅿε⡧ᚬ֒࢝ⲺθླᦙҧⲺθ亳ⳤⲺθ␎≊Ⲻ behaving
in a way, or describing behaviour, that is slightly bad but is not intended
to cause serious harm or damage
misconstrue YHUE7@IRUPDO8.ޙPܼs.kԥQޖVWUXޝ86
ޙPܼs.kԥQޖVWUXޝ䈥䀙ĊⲺᝅᙓδᡌᝅഴε to form a false
understanding of the meaning or intention of something that someone
does or says
miscreant QRXQ@IRUPDO8.ޖPܼs.kri.ԥnt/ US
ޖPܼs.kri.ԥnt/ ᚬἃθᰖ䎌χ↯ᗈ someone who behaves badly or does
not obey rules
misdemeanour noun [ C ] UK (US misdemeanor) UK
ޙPܼs.dܼޖPLޝQԥU86ޙPܼs.dܼޖPLޝQܬ/ уㄥ㺂ѰθуỶ⛯ⲺѴ↘ an
action that is slightly bad or breaks a rule but is not a crime
miserly DGMHFWLYHGLVDSSURYLQJ8.ޖPDܼ.zԥl.i/ US
ޖPDܼ.zܬ.li/ (PERSON) ᆾ䍘ྪղⲺχ兲ղⲺχⲺθቅ≊Ⲻ
like or typical of a miser
misgiving QRXQRU8@8.ޙPܼVܼˆޖv.ܼƾ86ޙPܼVˆޖ
ܼv.ܼƾδሯᵠᶛӁԬⲺε⯇㲇θᘝ a feeling of doubt or worry about
a future event
misrepresent YHUE7@8.ޙPܼs.rep.rܼޖzent/ US
ޙPܼs.rep.rܼޖzent/ уྸᇔ൦ਏ䘦δᡌ䈪᱄εχ䈥Ֆχ↠ᴨχ䇾〦 to
to cause serious harm or damage
misconstrue YHUE
7@
@IRUPDO
O
O
O
O
8
8
8
8
8
8.
.
.
.
.
.ޙ
ޙP
Pܼs.kԥQޖVWUXޝ86
ޙPܼs.kԥQޖVWUXޝ䈥䀙ĊⲺᝅᙓδᡌ
ᡌ
ᡌ
ᡌ
ᡌ
ᡌᝅ
ᝅ
ᝅ
ᝅ
ᝅ
ᝅഴ
ഴ
ഴ
ഴ
ഴε
ε
ε
ε
ε to f
f
f
f
f
fo
o
o
o
o
o
orm a false
understanding of the meaning
g
g o
o
o
o
or inte
en
n
n
n
n
nt
t
t
t
tion
n
n
n
n of som
m
m
m
mething that someone
does or says
miscreant
t QRX
X
X
X
X
XQ@IRUPDO8.
ޖPܼs.kri.ԥnt/ US
ޖPܼs.kri.ԥnt/ ᚬἃθᰖ䎌
䎌
䎌
䎌
䎌
䎌χ↯ᗈ s
s
so
o
om
me
eo
on
n
n
n
ne
e
e
e
e w
w
w
w
w
wh
h
h
h
ho
o
o
o
o behaves badly or does
not obey rules
misdemeanour noun [
[
[
[
[ C
C
C ] UK (
(
(
(
(U
U
U
U
US
S
S
S
S m
m
misdemeanor) UK
ޙPܼs.dܼޖPLޝQ
QԥU86ޙPܼs.dܼޖPLޝQܬ/
ܬ
ܬ уㄥ
ㄥ
ㄥ㺂Ѱ
Ѱ
Ѱ
ѰθуỶ⛯ⲺѴ↘
↘ an
action that is sl
l
l
li
i
igh
h
h
ht
t
tl
l
ly b
b
bad
d
d or
r b
b
brea
a
ak
k
ks a ru
ul
l
le b
b
bu
ut
t i
i
is no
ot
t
t a
a
a c
c
cr
ri
ime
miserly D
D
D
D
D
D
D
DG
G
G
G
G
GMHF
F
F
F
FW
W
WLY
Y
Y
Y
YH
H
HG
G
G
G
G
GLV
V
V
V
V
V
VD
D
DS
S
S
S
S
S
SS
S
S
S
S
S
SU
U
U
U
U
UR
R
R
R
R
RY
Y
Y
Y
Y
YL
L
L
L
L
LQ
Q
Q
Q
Q
QJ
J
J
J
J
J
8
8
8
8.
.
.
.
.
.
.
ޖP
P
P
P
P
P
PD
D
D
D
D
Dܼ.zԥl.i/ US
ޖPDܼ.zܬ.li/
/
/
/
/ (
(
(
(
(
(P
P
PE
E
E
E
E
ER
R
R
R
R
RS
S
S
S
S
SO
O
O
O
O
ON
N
N
N
N)
)
)
)
)
) ᆾ
ᆾ
ᆾ
ᆾ
ᆾ
ᆾ
ᆾ䍘
䍘
䍘
䍘
䍘
䍘
䍘
䍘ྪ
ྪ
ྪ
ྪ
ྪ
ྪ
ྪ
ྪ
ྪ
ྪ
ྪ
ྪղ
ղ
ղ
ղ
ղ
ղ
ղ
ղ
ղ
ղ
ղ
ղⲺ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻχ
兲
兲
兲
兲
兲
兲
兲
兲
兲
兲ղ
ղ
ղ
ղ
ղ
ղ
ղ
ղ
ղ
ղⲺ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻχ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻθቅ≊Ⲻ
like or typic
c
c
c
c
ca
a
a
a
a
a
al o
o
o
o
o
of
f
f
f
f a
a
a
a
a
a m
m
m
m
m
mi
i
i
i
is
s
s
s
se
e
e
e
er
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
misgiving QRXQ RU 8 @ 8. P Vˆޖ
ˆ
ˆ
ˆ ƾ 86 P Vˆޖ
ˆ
ˆ
ˆ
26. 284 | P a g e
traverse verb [ T ] formal UK /trԥޖvޝܮV86/trԥޖvޝܯVサ䏀χ
サ䗽 to move or travel through an area
travesty QRXQ@IRUPDO8.ޖWU YԥVWL86ޖWU Yԥ.sti/ ᤏ
ࣙⲺ⁗Եχ౨ᔺχ↠ᴨ something that fails to represent the values and
qualities that it is intended to represent, in a way that is shocking or
offensive
treacherous adjective (NOT LOYAL) δӰεуᘖⲺθ㜂ؗᔹѿⲺ
A person who is treacherous deceives someone who trusts them, or has
no loyalty.
trenchant DGMHFWLYHIRUPDO8.ޖWUHQWݕԥQW86ޖWUHQWݕԥnt/
δ䇺ᡌᝅ㿷εቌ䭆ⲺθቌࡱⲺθ⢶Ⲻ severe, expressing strong
criticism or forceful opinions
trepidation QRXQ8@IRUPDO8.ޙWUHSܼޖdeܼ.ݕԥn/ US
ޙWUHSԥޖdeܼ.ݕԥn/ ᜀᚆуᆿθᜪᜪуᆿ fear or worry about what is going
to happen
trespass YHUE,@8.ޖWUHVSԥV86ޖWUHVS V,@%5($.
LAW) 㠠䘑ޛθޛδԌӰൕ൦ᡌᔰㆇ⢟ε to go onto someone's
land or enter their building without permission
trickle YHUE,@8.ޖWUܼk.ԥO86ޖWUܼk.ԥl/ [I] (LIQUID)
ԄĊੇс┪δᡌ␂ε trickle down, from, out of, etc. sth If liquid
trickles somewhere, it flows slowly and without force in a thin line.
trifle noun UK ޖWUDܼ.fԥl/ US ޖWUDܼ.fԥl/ (SWEET DISH) ҩ
㜸ᶴ㌋θ᷒䞧ᶴ㌋δж〃⭒⛯θऻᤢжቸ≪᷒⎭㔫㴁㌋Ƚжቸ㴁ྫྷ
⋏ਮૂжቸྫྷ⋯ε [ C or U ] a sweet cold dish consisting of a layer of
fruit and cake, a layer of custard (= thick, sweet, yellow sauce) and a top
layer of cream
treacherous adjective (NOT LOYAL) δӰεуᘖⲺθ㜂ؗᔹѿⲺ
A person who is treacherous deceives
s
s
s
s s
s
s
s
so
o
o
o
om
m
m
m
me
e
e
eo
o
o
o
o
on
n
n
n
ne
e
e
e
e
e who trusts them, or has
no loyalty.
trenchant DGMHFWLYHI
I
I
I
I
I
IR
R
R
R
R
R
RUPDO8
8
8
8
8
8
8.
ޖW
W
W
W
WUHQW
W
W
W
W
Wݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕ
ݕԥ
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W QW86ޖWUHQWݕԥ
W
W nt/
δ䇺ᡌᝅ㿷εቌ䭆ⲺθቌࡱⲺ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻθ
θ
θ
θ⢶
⢶
⢶
⢶
⢶
⢶
⢶
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ severe, expressing strong
criticism or forceful opini
i
i
i
ions
trepidation QR
R
R
R
R
RX
X
X
X
X
XQ8@IRUPDO8
8
8
8
8
8
8.
.
.
.
.
.
ޙWUHSܼޖdeܼ.ݕԥ
. n/ US
ޙWUHSԥޖ
ޖdeܼ.ݕԥ
. n/ ᜀᚆуᆿ
ᆿ
ᆿ
ᆿ
ᆿ
ᆿθ
θ
θ
θᜪᜪу
у
у
у
у
уᆿ
ᆿ
ᆿ
ᆿ
ᆿ
ᆿ fear o
o
o
o
o
or
r
r
r
r worry about what is going
to happen
trespass Y
Y
Y
YH
H
H
H
HU
U
U
UE
E
E
E
,
,
,
,
@
@
@
@8
8
8
8
8.
.
.
.
ޖ
ޖ
ޖW
W
W
WU
U
UHV
V
V
V
S
S
S
Sԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥV
V
V
V
8
8
8
86
6
6
6
ޖ
ޖ
ޖW
W
W
WU
U
U
UH
H
H
HV
V
V
V
S
S
S
S
V
V
V
,
,
,
,@
@
@
@%5($.
LAW) 㠠䘑ޛθ
ޛ
ޛ
ޛ
ޛδ
δ
δ
δԌ
Ԍ
Ԍ
Ԍ
ԌӰ
Ӱ
Ӱ
Ӱൕ
ൕ
ൕ
ൕ൦
൦
൦
൦
൦ᡌ
ᡌ
ᡌ
ᡌᔰ
ᔰ
ᔰ
ᔰㆇ
ㆇ
ㆇ
ㆇ⢟
⢟
⢟
⢟
⢟ε
ε
ε
ε
ε t
to go onto someone's
land or ente
e
e
e
er
r
r
r
r
r t
t
t
th
h
h
h
he
e
e
e
e
ei
i
i
i
i
ir
r
r
r b
b
b
b
b
b
bu
u
u
u
ui
i
i
i
i
il
l
l
l
ld
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
di
i
i
i
i
i
in
ng
g
g
g
g w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
wi
i
i
i
i
i
i
it
t
t
t
t
th
h
h
h
h
h
h
ho
o
o
o
o
o
ou
u
u
u
u
u
u
ut
t
t
t
t
t p
p
p
p
p
p
p
p
pe
e
er
r
r
r
r
r
rm
m
m
m
m
mi
i
i
i
is
s
s
s
s
ss
s
s
si
i
i
i
io
o
o
o
o
on
n
n
n
n
trickle YH
H
H
H
H
H
HU
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
UE
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
,
,
,
,
,@
@
@
@
@
@
@
@
@8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
ޖWU
U
U
U
U
U
Uܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼk
k
k
k
k
k.
.
.
.
.ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥO
O
O
O
O
O
8
8
8
8
8
86
6
6
6
6
6
6
ޖ
ޖ
ޖ
ޖ
ޖW
W
W
W
W
W
WU
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
Uܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼk
k
k
k
k
k.ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥl
l
l
l
l/
/
/
/
/
/ [
[
[
[
[
[
[
[I
I] (LIQUID)
ԄĊੇс┪δᡌ␂ε trickle down, from, out of, etc. sth If liquid
27. 294 | P a g e
verdant DGMHFWLYHOLWHUDU8.ޖYޝܮGԥQW86ޖYޝܯGԥnt/ 䮵┗
㔵㢨ὃ⢟Ⲻχ㥿ᵞ㤃㘖Ⲻ covered with healthy green plants or grass
verisimilitude noun 8@IRUPDO8.ޙYHUܼ.sܼޖmܼl.ܼ.tݕXޝG86
ޙYHUԥ.sԥޖmܼl.ԥWXޝG䋂ղⵕᇔχ䙲ⵕ the quality of seeming true or of
having the appearance of being real
veritable DGMHFWLYHEHIRUHQRXQ@8.ޖYHUܼ.tԥ.bԥl/ US
ޖYHUԥWࡩԥ.bԥl/ ॷ䏩ⲺθуᣎуᢙⲺχࢥެᇔⲺ used to describe
something as another, more exciting, interesting, or unusual thing, as a
way of emphasizing its character
vernacular noun [ C usually singular ] UK /vԥޖnæk.jԥ.lԥr/ US
/vޖܬnæk.jԥ.lܬ/ ᵢ൦䈓θᯯ䀶χⲳ䈓 the form of a language that a
particular group of speakers use naturally, especially in informal
situations
verse noun UK /vޝܮV86YޝܯV8@䈍χ䈍ↂχ丫ᮽ
writing that is arranged in short lines with a regular rhythm; poetry
versed adjective formal UK /vޝܮVW86YޝܯVWሯĊᖾ⟕
㓹χ䙐χ㋴䙐 to know a lot about a particular subject or be
experienced in a particular skill
vertigo QRXQ8@8.ޖYޝܮWܼ.ˆԥݜ86ޖYޝܯWࡩԥ.ˆoݜ/ δԄ儎༺
إ㿼ࡦⲺεⵟ a feeling of spinning around and being unable to
balance, often caused by looking down from a height
verve noun [ U ] UK /vޝܮv/ US /vޝܯY㋴࣑χ⍱࣑χ
✣ great energy and enthusiasm
vessel QRXQ@8.ޖYHVԥO86ޖYHVԥl/ [C] (SHIP)
formal 㡯θ㡦 a large boat or a ship
ޖYHUԥWࡩԥ
ԥ.bԥl/ ॷ䏩ⲺθуᣎуᢙⲺχࢥެᇔⲺ used to describe
something as another, more exciting, i
in
n
n
n
nt
t
t
te
e
e
e
er
r
r
r
re
e
e
e
es
s
s
s
st
t
t
t
ti
i
i
i
in
n
ng, or unusual thing, as a
way of emphasizing its character
vernacular noun [
[
[
[
[
[ C
C
C
C
C
C
C usua
a
a
a
al
l
l
l
l
lly si
i
i
i
i
in
n
n
ngula
a
a
a
ar
r
r
r
r
r ] UK /vԥޖnæk.jԥ.lԥr/ US
/vޖܬnæk.jԥ.lܬ/ ᵢ൦䈓θᯯ
ᯯ
ᯯ
ᯯ
ᯯ
ᯯ䀶
䀶
䀶
䀶
䀶
䀶χⲳ
ⲳ
ⲳ
ⲳ
ⲳ
ⲳ䈓 t
t
t
th
h
h
h
h
h
he
e
e
e
e f
f
f
f
fo
o
o
o
orm of a language that a
particular group of speake
e
e
e
ers use naturally, esp
p
p
p
pe
e
e
e
e
e
ecially in informal
situations
verse noun UK
K
K
K
K /vޝܮV86
6
6
6
6
6
6
YޝܯV
8
8
8
8
8
8@䈍χ䈍ↂχ丫ᮽ
writing that is arranged in sh
h
h
h
ho
o
o
o
or
r
r
r
r
rt
t
t
t
t l
l
l
l
li
i
i
in
n
ne
e
e
es
s
s
s
s w
w
w
w
w
wi
i
i
it
t
t
t
th
h
h
h
h a regular rhythm; poetry
versed a
a
ad
d
dj
j
je
e
ec
c
ct
t
tiv
v
ve
e
e f
f
fo
o
or
r
rm
m
ma
a
al
l U
U
UK
K
K /
/v
v
vܮ
ܮ
ܮ
ܮޝ
ޝ
ޝV
V
V
VW
W
W
W
8
8
8
86
6
6
6
Y
Y
Y
Yܯ
ܯ
ܯ
ܯޝ
ޝ
ޝ
ޝV
V
VW
W
W
W
ሯ
ሯ
ሯ
ሯĊᖾ⟕
㓹χ䙐χ㋴䙐 to k
kn
n
no
o
ow
w
w a
a
a
a l
l
lo
o
ot
t
t a
a
ab
b
bo
o
o
ou
u
ut
t
t a
a
a p
p
pa
a
ar
r
rt
t
ti
i
ic
c
cu
u
ul
l
l
la
a
ar
r
r s
s
subject or be
experienced
d
d
d
d
d
d i
i
i
i
i
in
n
n
n a
a
a
a
a
a p
p
p
p
p
p
pa
a
a
a
a
a
ar
r
r
r
r
rt
t
t
ti
i
i
i
i
ic
c
c
c
cu
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
ul
l
l
lar s
s
s
s
s
sk
k
k
k
k
k
k
ki
i
i
i
i
i
il
l
l
l
l
ll
l
l
l
l
l
l
vertigo Q
Q
Q
QR
R
R
R
R
R
RX
X
X
X
X
X
X
XQ
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
@
@
@
@
@
@
@
@
@
@8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.ޖY
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Yܮ
ܮ
ܮ
ܮ
ܮ
ܮޝ
ޝ
ޝ
ޝ
ޝ
ޝ
W
W
W
W
W
Wܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼ
ܼ.
.
.
.
.ˆ
ˆ
ˆ
ˆ
ˆ
ˆ
ˆ
ˆԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜ
ݜ
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
86
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6ޖ
ޖ
ޖ
ޖ
ޖ
ޖY
Y
Y
Y
Y
Yܯ
ܯ
ܯ
ܯ
ܯ
ܯޝ
ޝ
ޝ
ޝ
ޝ
ޝ
ޝ
ޝ
ޝWࡩԥ.ˆoݜ/ δԄ儎༺
إ㿼ࡦⲺεⵟ a feeling of spinning around and being unable to
28. 304 | P a g e
wither YHUE8.ޖZܼèԥU86ޖZܼèܬ/ (also wither away) [ I
or T ] δֵεᷥ㩄θδֵεᒨᷥ (to cause) to become weak and dry
and decay
withhold verb [ T ] UK /wܼèޖKԥݜld/ US /wܼèޖKRݜld/ withheld |
withheld ᤈ㔓㔏фχᢙ⮏ to refuse to give something or to keep back
something
wizened DGMHFWLYH8.ޖZܼz.ԥQG86ޖZܼz.ԥnd/ δቚഖѰᒪ
㘷㙂εⳤ㛚ᒨⱠⲺθᴿ⳧㓯Ⲻ small and having dry skin with lines in
it, especially because of old age
wobble verb UK ޖZܥb.ԥl/ US ޖZ‡ޝEԥl/ (MOVE) δֵε
ᱹθδֵε᩼ [ I or T ] to (cause something to) shake or move
from side to side in a way that shows poor balance
worldly DGMHFWLYH8.ޖZޝܮOGOL86ޖZޝܯOGOL3+6,$/
29. [ before noun ] ⢟䍞ⲺχьⲺχ䶔㋴⾔Ⲻ relating to or consisting of
physical things and ordinary life rather than spiritual things
wrangle noun [ C ] UK ޖU ƾˆԥl/ US ޖU ƾˆԥl/ δቚ䮵ᰬ
䰪Ⲻεҿ䇰θҿ䗟 an argument, especially one that continues for a
long time
wrest verb [ T + adv/prep ] UK /rest/ US /rest/ formal
䗑㤜䉁≸χ䍯࣑ᗍ to get something with effort or difficulty
wrongheaded DGMHFWLYHGLVDSSURYLQJ8.ޙUܥƾޖKHGܼG86ޙU‡
ޝƾޖKHGܼd/ ࡚ᯣ䭏䈥Ⲻχᢝ䘭уᛕⲺ based on ideas or judgments that
are not suitable for a particular situation
wry adjective [ before noun ] UK /raܼ/ US /raܼ/ 䇳ࡰⲺχ
䀙౨Ⲻ showing that you find a bad or difficult situation slightly funny
wizened DGMHFWLYH8.ޖZܼz.ԥQG86ޖZܼ
ܼz.ԥnd/ δቚഖѰᒪ
㘷㙂εⳤ㛚ᒨⱠⲺθᴿ⳧㓯Ⲻ small
l a
a
a
an
n
n
n
nd
d
d
d
d h
h
h
h
h
ha
a
a
a
aving dry skin with lines in
it, especially because of old age
wobble verb UK ޖZ
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Zܥ
Z
Z b.ԥl
l
l
l
l/
/
/
/
/ US ޖZ
Z‡
‡
‡
‡
‡
‡
‡ޝE
Eԥ
ԥl/ (MOVE) δֵε
ᱹθδֵε᩼ [ I or T
T
T
T
T ] to (c
ca
a
a
a
ause s
s
s
s
so
o
o
o
om
m
m
m
mething to) shake or move
from side to side in a way
y
y
y
y that shows poor ba
a
a
a
al
l
l
l
l
la
a
a
a
a
a
ance
worldly DGMHFWLYH
H
H
H
H
H8.ޖZ
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
ZޝܮOGOL8
8
8
8
8
8
86
6
6
6
6
6
6ޖ
ޖ
ޖZ
ZޝܯOGOL3+6,$/
30. [ before noun ] ⢟䍞Ⲻχ
ьⲺχ䶔
䶔
䶔
䶔
䶔
䶔㋴
㋴
㋴
㋴
㋴
㋴⾔Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ
Ⲻ r
relating to or consisting of
physical things and ordinary l
l
l
l
li
i
i
i
if
f
f
f
f
fe
e
e
e
e r
r
r
ra
a
a
at
t
t
th
h
h
h
he
e
e
e
e
er
r
r
r
r t
t
t
th
h
h
h
han spiritual things
wrangle n
n
n
no
o
o
ou
u
un
n
n [ C
C
C ]
]
] U
U
U
UK
K
K
ޖU
U
U
U
ƾ
ƾ
ƾ
ƾ
ˆ
ˆ
ˆ
ˆԥ
ԥ
ԥ
ԥl
l
l/
/
/ U
U
US
S
S
ޖU
U
U
U
ƾ
ƾ
ƾ
ƾ
ˆ
ˆ
ˆ
ˆԥ
ԥ
ԥl
l
l/
/
/
/ δቚ䮵ᰬ
䰪Ⲻεҿ䇰θҿ䗟 an
n
n a
a
ar
r
rg
g
gu
u
u
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