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Malvaviscus arboreus Cav.

Accepted
Malvaviscus arboreus Cav., Image kind: Herbarium specimen.
Malvaviscus arboreus Cav., Image kind: Herbarium specimen.
Malvaviscus arboreus Cav. [as Achania malvaviscus Sw.], Image kind: Illustration.
Malvaviscus arboreus Cav. [as Achania malvaviscus Sw.], Image kind: Illustration.
Malvaviscus arboreus Cav., Image kind: Photograph.
Malvaviscus arboreus Cav., Image kind: Photograph.
Malvaviscus arboreus Cav. [as Malvaviscus lanceolatus Rose], Image kind: Illustration.
Malvaviscus arboreus Cav. [as Malvaviscus lanceolatus Rose], Image kind: Illustration.
Malvaviscus arboreus Cav., Image kind: Herbarium specimen.
Malvaviscus arboreus Cav., Image kind: Herbarium specimen.
Malvaviscus arboreus Cav., Image kind: Specimen. Stevens, Warren Douglas – 30743.
Malvaviscus arboreus Cav., Image kind: Specimen. Stevens, Warren Douglas – 30743.
Malvaviscus arboreus Cav., Image kind: Photograph.
Malvaviscus arboreus Cav., Image kind: Photograph.
Malvaviscus arboreus Cav., Image kind: Herbarium specimen.
Malvaviscus arboreus Cav. [as Achania malvaviscus Sw.], Image kind: Illustration.
Malvaviscus arboreus Cav., Image kind: Photograph.
Malvaviscus arboreus Cav. [as Malvaviscus lanceolatus Rose], Image kind: Illustration.
Malvaviscus arboreus Cav., Image kind: Herbarium specimen.
Malvaviscus arboreus Cav., Image kind: Specimen. Stevens, Warren Douglas – 30743.
Malvaviscus arboreus Cav., Image kind: Photograph.
🗒 Synonyms
synonymHibiscus malvaviscus L.
🗒 Common Names
Assamese
  • Pahimuja-joba
  • Tikoni-joba
Beng
  • Lanka jaba
Eng
  • Firecracker Hibiscus
  • Ladies teardrop
  • Turk’s cap
  • Turk's turban
  • Wax mallow
Kannada
  • Sanna dasavala
Manip
  • Juba kusum
mal
  • Mottu chemparathi
📚 Overview
Overview
Summary
Malvaviscus species are undershrubs or shrubs, cultivated.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Contributors 
Kailash B R
Status UNDER_CREATION
Licenses CC_BY_NC_SA
References 
    Shrub
    Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
    Attributions Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY
    References 
      Diagnostic Keys
      Description
      Shrubs, Branchlets sparsely villous to glabrate, rarely glabrous. Stipule filiform, ca. 4 mm, usually caducous; petiole 2-5 cm, puberulent; leaf blade broadly cordate to ovate-cordate, usually 3-lobed, sometimes entire, 6-12 × 2.5-10 cm, nearly glabrous or stellate pilose on both surfaces, basal veins 3 or 5, base broadly cuneate to nearly rounded or cordate, margin crenate, sometimes irregularly so, apex acuminate. Flowers solitary, axillary, pendulous, tube-shaped, slightly expanding only at top, 2.3-5 cm. Pedicel 3-15 mm, villous or puberulent. Epicalyx lobes spatulate, 8-15 mm, connate at base, hairy. Calyx campanulate, ca. 1 cm in diam., lobes 5, slightly longer or shorter than bracteoles, hirsute. Petals 5, scarlet-red, 2.5-5 cm. Staminal column 5-7 cm, exceeding corolla tube. Style branches 10. Ripe fruit bright red, usually 3- or 4-seeded.
      Compiled from secondary sources listed in references by Kishor Deka for the Assam Biodiversity Portal project.
      Attributions Compiled from secondary sources listed in references by Kishor Deka for the Assam Biodiversity Portal project.
      Contributors 
      Status UNDER_CREATION
      Licenses CC_BY
      References 
        No Data
        📚 Nomenclature and Classification
        References
        Diss. 3, Tertia Diss. Bot. 3: 131-132. t. 48. f. 1. 1787
        Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
        Attributions Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
        Contributors 
        Status UNDER_CREATION
        Licenses CC_BY_NC_SA
        References 
          No Data
          📚 Natural History
          Reproduction
          Malvaviscus species flowers are complete, bisexual, i.e., with functional male (androecium) and female (gynoecium), including stamens, carpels and ovary. Pollination is entomophilous i.e., by insects, or cleistogamy i.e., by self or allogamy i.e., by cross pollination. Flowering/Fruiting: Almost throughout the year.
          Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
          Attributions Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
          Contributors 
          Status UNDER_CREATION
          Licenses CC_BY_NC_SA
          References 
            Dispersal
            Seeds may be dispersed by autochory i.e., self dispersal, anemochory i.e., wind dispersal, zoochory i.e., dispersal by birds or animals, anthropochory i.e., dispersal by humans.
            Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
            Attributions Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
            Contributors 
            Status UNDER_CREATION
            Licenses CC_BY_NC_SA
            References 
              Size
              Plant about 1 m tall.
              Compiled from secondary sources listed in references by Kishor Deka for the Assam Biodiversity Portal project.
              Attributions Compiled from secondary sources listed in references by Kishor Deka for the Assam Biodiversity Portal project.
              Contributors 
              Status UNDER_CREATION
              Licenses CC_BY
              References 
                Morphology
                Erect undershrubs or shrubs, about 1-4 m tall. Stems woody, branches with simple and stellate hairs, later becoming glabrate. Leaves alternate, unlobed or shallow 3-5 lobed after the middle part towards the apex, broadly ovate-elliptic to lanceolate, about 4-22 x 3-13 cm across, base rounded 5-9 veined, margins coarsely crenate-serrate or rarely entire, apex acute to acuminate, sparsely pubescent with simple and stellate hairs both above and beneath, petiole puberulent, about 2-5 cm long, stipules linear spathulate, caducous, about 3-5 mm long. Inflorescence usually axillary, solitary, lax cymes. Flowers bisexual, ascending, pedicel slender, puberulent, about 5-15 mm long, involucellar bractlets linear spathulate, calyx 5 lobed, distinctly nerved, campanulate, lobes lanceolate, base connate, apex acute to acuminate, persistent, corolla showy, scarlet red, whitish, orange, campanulate or cylindric, about 2.5-3 cm long. Staminal column about 5-7 cm long, longer than the corolla tube, anthers basifixed, in the upper half. Ovary superior, 10 locular, axile placentation, style 10 branched. Fruit capsule, globose-cylindrical, about 1.5 cm across, fleshy, edible. Seeds reniform or subglobose, brownish.
                Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
                Attributions Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
                Contributors 
                Status UNDER_CREATION
                Licenses CC_BY_NC_SA
                References 
                  Diseases
                  Malvaviscus species are susceptible to various insect pests, virus and fungi, affecting leaves, fruits and roots.
                  Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
                  Attributions Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
                  Contributors 
                  Status UNDER_CREATION
                  Licenses CC_BY_NC_SA
                  References 
                    No Data
                    📚 Habitat and Distribution
                    General Habitat
                    Cultivated in gardens, sometimes also found as an escape.
                    Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
                    Attributions Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
                    Contributors 
                    Status UNDER_CREATION
                    Licenses CC_BY_NC_SA
                    References 
                      Cultivated
                      Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
                      Attributions Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
                      Contributors 
                      Status UNDER_CREATION
                      Licenses CC_BY
                      References 
                        Plant grow in cloud forest habitats
                        Compiled from secondary sources listed in references by Kishor Deka for the Assam Biodiversity Portal project.
                        Attributions Compiled from secondary sources listed in references by Kishor Deka for the Assam Biodiversity Portal project.
                        Contributors 
                        Status UNDER_CREATION
                        Licenses CC_BY
                        References 
                          Description
                          Global Distribution

                          Asia: Bangladesh, China, India, Nepal, Pakistan; North America: Carribean Islands, Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, United States of America; South America: Brazil, Columbia, Ecuador, Peru].

                          Local Distribution

                          Throughout India.

                          Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
                          Attributions Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
                          Contributors 
                          Status UNDER_CREATION
                          Licenses CC_BY_NC_SA
                          References 
                            Global Distribution

                            India: North East India; America

                            Indian Distribution

                            Throughout Assam

                            Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
                            Attributions Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
                            Contributors 
                            Status UNDER_CREATION
                            Licenses CC_BY
                            References 
                              Asia, North America, Central America and Caribbean, South America, Oceania
                              Compiled from secondary sources listed in references by Kishor Deka for the Assam Biodiversity Portal project.
                              Attributions Compiled from secondary sources listed in references by Kishor Deka for the Assam Biodiversity Portal project.
                              Contributors 
                              Status UNDER_CREATION
                              Licenses CC_BY
                              References 
                                No Data
                                📚 Occurrence
                                No Data
                                📚 Demography and Conservation
                                Conservation Status
                                Not evaluated (IUCN).
                                Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
                                Attributions Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
                                Contributors 
                                Status UNDER_CREATION
                                Licenses CC_BY_NC_SA
                                References 
                                  No Data
                                  📚 Uses and Management
                                  Uses
                                  Cultivated as ornamental, flowers used for worship.
                                  Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
                                  Attributions Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India. Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India. Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
                                  Contributors 
                                  Status UNDER_CREATION
                                  Licenses CC_BY_NC_SA
                                  References 
                                    No Data
                                    📚 Information Listing
                                    References
                                    1. Tropicos, botanical information system at the Missouri Botanical Garden - www.tropicos.org. URL: http://tropicos.org/Name/19601051 #The International Plant Names Index (2012). Published on the Internet http://www.ipni.org. URL: http://www.ipni.org/ipni/simplePlantNameSearch.do;jsessionid=303B85FACCE49A6937ABA26CA0BF7AE7?find_wholeName=Malvaviscus+arboreus&output_format=normal&query_type=by_query&back_page=query_ipni.html #The Plant List (2010). Version 1. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/ URL: http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2503923 #Catalogue of Life: 2015 Annual Checklist. URL: http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/details/species/id/a46546995bf15d6c69a1c57b6c4f2264 #Harvard University Herbaria, Publication and Botanist databases (HUH) © 2001 - 2013 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College.Flora of North America, 'eFloras (2008). Published on the Internet http://www.efloras.org [accessed 12 April 2014]*' Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & #Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. URL: http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200013750 #Birgitta Bremer et. al. (2009): An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 105-121. #Mark W. chase and James L. Reveal (2009): A Phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 122-127. #Saxena, N. B. & Shamindra Saxena (2001) Plant Taxonomy. Reprint by Pragati Prakashan, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh. 243-251.#Hooker, J. D., (1872) Flora of British India. Reprint by Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Publishers, Dehra Dun. 1: 334. #Sharma, B. D., Balakrishnan, N. P., Rao, R. R., & Hajra, P. K. (1993), Flora of India, Botanical Survey of India. Deep Printers, New Delhi. Vol. 3: 393. Flowers of India URL: http://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Sleeping%20Hibiscus.html #Encyclopedia of Life. Available from http://www.eol.org. Accessed 15 Jan 2014.#IUCN 2013. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 03 February 2017. #Plant reproductive morphology. (2014, November 17). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 08:57, April 9, 2015, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plant_sexual_morphology&oldid=539322400#Seed dispersal. (2015, March 29). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 08:59, April 9, 2015, from, URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seed_dispersal&oldid=572442927License*:
                                    2. https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/32383; Invasive Species Compendium; 11/4/2018
                                    Information Listing > References
                                    1. Tropicos, botanical information system at the Missouri Botanical Garden - www.tropicos.org. URL: http://tropicos.org/Name/19601051 #The International Plant Names Index (2012). Published on the Internet http://www.ipni.org. URL: http://www.ipni.org/ipni/simplePlantNameSearch.do;jsessionid=303B85FACCE49A6937ABA26CA0BF7AE7?find_wholeName=Malvaviscus+arboreus&output_format=normal&query_type=by_query&back_page=query_ipni.html #The Plant List (2010). Version 1. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/ URL: http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2503923 #Catalogue of Life: 2015 Annual Checklist. URL: http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/details/species/id/a46546995bf15d6c69a1c57b6c4f2264 #Harvard University Herbaria, Publication and Botanist databases (HUH) © 2001 - 2013 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College.Flora of North America, 'eFloras (2008). Published on the Internet http://www.efloras.org [accessed 12 April 2014]*' Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & #Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. URL: http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200013750 #Birgitta Bremer et. al. (2009): An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 105-121. #Mark W. chase and James L. Reveal (2009): A Phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 122-127. #Saxena, N. B. & Shamindra Saxena (2001) Plant Taxonomy. Reprint by Pragati Prakashan, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh. 243-251.#Hooker, J. D., (1872) Flora of British India. Reprint by Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Publishers, Dehra Dun. 1: 334. #Sharma, B. D., Balakrishnan, N. P., Rao, R. R., & Hajra, P. K. (1993), Flora of India, Botanical Survey of India. Deep Printers, New Delhi. Vol. 3: 393. Flowers of India URL: http://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Sleeping%20Hibiscus.html #Encyclopedia of Life. Available from http://www.eol.org. Accessed 15 Jan 2014.#IUCN 2013. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 03 February 2017. #Plant reproductive morphology. (2014, November 17). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 08:57, April 9, 2015, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plant_sexual_morphology&oldid=539322400#Seed dispersal. (2015, March 29). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 08:59, April 9, 2015, from, URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seed_dispersal&oldid=572442927License*:
                                    3. https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/32383; Invasive Species Compendium; 11/4/2018

                                    Angiosperm diversity in Doaba region of Punjab, India

                                    Journal of Threatened Taxa

                                    Flora of Fergusson College campus, Pune, India: monitoring changes over half a century

                                    Journal of Threatened Taxa

                                    exotic of Pulney Hills

                                    balakrishnan balaguru
                                    No Data
                                    📚 Meta data
                                    No Data
                                    🐾 Taxonomy
                                    RootRoot
                                    KingdomPlantae
                                    PhylumTracheophyta
                                    ClassEquisetopsida C. Agardh
                                    OrderMalvales Juss.
                                    FamilyMalvaceae Juss.
                                    GenusMalvaviscus Fabricius
                                    SpeciesMalvaviscus arboreus Cav.
                                    📊 Temporal Distribution
                                    📷 Related Observations
                                    👥 Groups
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